⭐ ✨ ⭐ ✨ ⭐

简单英语 · 第四册

Easy English · Book 4 · 互动学习版
📚 2 章 · 14 课 · 过去时 · 比较级 · 最高级 · 不定代词 · 交际用语

📑 目录 Contents

Chapter 14 · be 动词过去式 was / were

1
Lesson 1 · Mimi grew up
咪咪长大了
2
Lesson 2 · Mom's childhood and mine
妈妈的童年和我的
3
Lesson 3 · The week I was sick
我生病的那一周
4
Lesson 4 · Grandma's birthday
奶奶的生日
5
Lesson 5 · The lost phone
丢手机记
6
Lesson 6 · Ben learned to ride
本学骑自行车
7
Lesson 7 · Where did the snow go?
雪去哪儿了?
8
Lesson 8 · The biggest sandcastle
最大的沙堡
9
Lesson 9 · The cooking contest
家庭做菜比赛
10
Lesson 10 · The note in the old book
旧书里的纸条
11
Lesson 11 · The day I met my pen pal
我见到笔友的那一天

Chapter 15 · 交际用语 · 问路 / 方位

12
Lesson 12 · First day at the new school
转学第一天
13
Lesson 13 · Buying a present for Mom
给妈妈买生日礼物
14
Lesson 14 · Visiting Grandpa in the hospital
医院看望爷爷
CHAPTER 14

一般过去时 · 比较级 · 不定代词

Past Tense, Comparatives & Indefinite Pronouns
📚 包含 Lesson 1 - 11
📍 Chapter 14 · LESSON 1

Lesson 1 · 咪咪长大了

Mimi grew up
📚 be 动词过去式 was / were

📖 Text 课文

咪咪长大了
🐱🍼🌱🐾
Lesson 1
🔊We got Mimi last winter.
🔊She was a little kitten then.
🔊She was so small that she fit in my hand.
🔊Her eyes were big and blue.
🔊Her fur was thin and gray.
🔊She was scared of everything — even her food bowl!
🔊Mimi was tiny last year.
🔊She didn't eat much.
🔊Now she eats a lot, so she is bigger and rounder.
🔊Her fur is thick and soft now.
🔊Last winter, she hid under the bed all day.
🔊Now she jumps on the sofa and runs after toys.
🔊She is much braver than before.
🔊Mimi was a quiet little baby last year,
🔊and now she is the queen of our house.
🔊But she is still my best friend.

📝 New Words and Expressions 单词与短语

单词音标词性·释义
was/wɒz/v. 是;在(过去)
were/wɜː/v. 是;在(过去)
last/lɑːst/adj. 上一个的;去……
kitten/ˈkɪtn/n. 小猫;幼猫
fit/fɪt/v. 装下;合身(过去式同形)
fur/fɜː/n. 毛皮;毛
scared/skeəd/adj. 害怕的
tiny/ˈtaɪni/adj. 极小的;非常小的
rounder/ˈraʊndə/adj. 更圆的
thick/θɪk/adj. 厚的;浓密的
hid/hɪd/v. 躲藏(过去式)
sofa/ˈsəʊfə/n. 沙发
braver/ˈbreɪvə/adj. 更勇敢的
queen/kwiːn/n. 女王;王后
still/stɪl/adv. 仍然;还
💡 词汇详解(点击单词或例句可朗读)
wasv.是;在(过去)

用法:is 和 am 的过去式

She was a little kitten. — 她(那时)是只小奶猫。

💡 跟 I / he / she / it 用

werev.是;在(过去)

用法:are 的过去式

Her eyes were big and blue. — 她的眼睛又大又蓝。

💡 跟 you / we / they 用

lastadj.上一个的;去……

用法:last winter 去年冬天;last year 去年

last winter — 去年冬天

💡 反义词:next 下一个

kittenn.小猫;幼猫

用法:小猫专用词,长大叫 cat

a little kitten — 一只小奶猫

💡 小狗:puppy;小鸭:duckling

fitv.装下;合身(过去式同形)

用法:不规则动词,过去式还是 fit

She fit in my hand. — 她(那时)能放进我手心。

💡 类似词:fits 合身

furn.毛皮;毛

用法:动物身上的毛

thin and gray fur — 又薄又灰的毛

💡 人头发:hair

scaredadj.害怕的

用法:搭配:be scared of 害怕……

She was scared of everything. — 她什么都怕。

💡 近义:afraid 害怕的

tinyadj.极小的;非常小的

用法:比 small 更小

tiny baby 小宝宝 — 比 small 更小

💡 近义:small 小的;反义:huge 巨大的

rounderadj.更圆的

用法:round + er → rounder

bigger and rounder — 更大更圆

💡 原级:round 圆的

thickadj.厚的;浓密的

用法:反义词 thin(薄、瘦)

thick fur — 厚厚的毛

💡 反义:thin 薄的、瘦的

hidv.躲藏(过去式)

用法:hide → hid,<strong>不规则</strong>,要单独记

She hid under the bed. — 她躲在床底下。

💡 hide (现在) / hid (过去)

sofan.沙发

用法:客厅常见家具

jump on the sofa — 跳上沙发

💡 近义:couch 长沙发

braveradj.更勇敢的

用法:brave + r → braver(e 结尾加 r)

much braver than before — 比以前勇敢得多

💡 原级:brave 勇敢的

queenn.女王;王后

用法:the queen of ... = ……的女王

the queen of our house — 我们家的女王

💡 反义:king 国王

stilladv.仍然;还

用法:表示状态没变

She is still my best friend. — 她仍然是我最好的朋友。

💡 近义:yet 仍然

📝 Phrases 重点短语

这些是本课必须掌握的短语和表达,点击听发音,反复跟读:

🔊 last winter
去年冬天
🔊 a little kitten
一只小奶猫
🔊 then
那时
🔊 be scared of
害怕……
🔊 thin and gray
又瘦又灰
🔊 the queen of
……的女王
🔊 hide behind
躲在……后面

🇨🇳 参考译文

我们去年冬天有了咪咪。那时她还是一只小奶猫。

她那么小,能放进我的手心里。

她的眼睛又大又蓝。毛又薄又灰。

她害怕一切——连她的饭碗都怕!

咪咪去年很瘦小。她吃得不多。

现在她吃很多,所以更大、更圆了。

她的毛现在又厚又软。

去年冬天,她整天躲在床底下。

现在她跳上沙发,追着玩具跑。

她比以前勇敢多了。

咪咪去年是个安静的小宝宝,

现在她是我们家的女王。

但她仍然是我最好的朋友。

📚 Note 语法讲解

🎯 核心句型:be 动词过去式
主语 + was/were + ...
📐 句型拆解
▸ I / he / she / it / 单数 was
▸ you / we / they / 复数 were
💡 例句(点击发音)
🔊 Mimi was a kitten. 咪咪是只小猫。
🔊 Her eyes were big and blue. 她眼睛又大又蓝。
⏰ 看到 yesterday / last year / then 这些词,就用 was/were。

一、be 动词的过去式:was 和 were

am, is, are(是)变成过去时,就是 was 和 were。意思是"(那时)是、(那时)在"。

规则1:I / he / she / it 后用 was("我他她它"用 was)

She was a little kitten. — 她(那时)是只小奶猫。
Mimi was tiny last year. — 咪咪去年很瘦小。
I was scared at first. — 我一开始很害怕。
It was cold last winter. — 去年冬天很冷。

规则2:you / we / they 后用 were("你我们他们"用 were)

Her eyes were big and blue. — 她的眼睛又大又蓝。
We were so happy to see her. — 我们(那时)很高兴见到她。
You were taller than her. — 你(那时)比她高。
They were good friends. — 他们(那时)是好朋友。
🎵 口诀:is、am 变 was,are 变 were。一个人(单数)用 was,多个人(复数)用 were。

对比记忆:现在 vs 过去

She is big now. → She was tiny last year.  现在大 / 那时小
Her fur is thick. → Her fur was thin.  现在厚 / 那时薄
She is brave. → She was scared.  现在勇敢 / 那时害怕
Her eyes are bright. → Her eyes were big.  现在亮 / 那时大

二、过去时间标志词(一看就要用过去时)

看到下面这些词,句子就要用过去时(was / were 或动词过去式)。

1. yesterday(昨天)

Mimi was hungry yesterday. — 咪咪昨天饿了。
I was at home yesterday. — 我昨天在家。

2. last + 时间(上一个……)

last night 昨晚 → She was on my bed last night. — 她昨晚在我床上。
last week 上周 → We were busy last week. — 我们上周很忙。
last winter 去年冬天 → She was a kitten last winter. — 去年冬天她还是只小奶猫。
last year 去年 → Mimi was tiny last year. — 咪咪去年很瘦小。

3. 时间 + ago(……以前)

two days ago 两天前 → She was sick two days ago. — 她两天前生病了。
a week ago 一周前 → I was at the park a week ago. — 我一周前在公园。
six months ago 六个月前 → Mimi was much smaller six months ago. — 咪咪六个月前小得多。

4. just now(刚才)

Mimi was here just now. — 咪咪刚才在这儿。

5. then(那时)/ at first(一开始)

She was scared then. — 她那时害怕。
I was nervous at first. — 我一开始很紧张。
💡 记一句话:见到 yesterday、last…、…ago、just now、then、at first,就用过去时!

三、be scared of(害怕……)

be scared of + 名词 = 害怕……。be 动词随主语和时间变化(am / is / are / was / were)。

Mimi was scared of everything. — 咪咪什么都怕。
I am scared of spiders. — 我害怕蜘蛛。
He is scared of the dark. — 他怕黑。
They were scared of the loud noise. — 他们(那时)怕那个大响声。
My sister was scared of dogs last year. — 我妹妹去年怕狗。
⚠️ of 不能省。不能说 "scared spiders",要说 "scared of spiders"。

四、so + 形容词 + that(如此……以至于)

so + 形容词 + that + 句子,表示"(某物)如此……,以至于(发生了某事)"。

She was so small that she fit in my hand. — 她那么小,能放进我手心里。
I was so tired that I went to bed early. — 我太累了,所以早早就睡了。
The cake was so sweet that she ate it all. — 蛋糕太甜了,她全吃完了。
They were so loud that I couldn't sleep. — 他们太吵了,我睡不着。
💡 so + 形容词 是"程度加深"的意思,that 后面是"结果"。

🔑 Key Sentences 重点句解析

🔊
She was a little kitten then.
那时她还是一只小奶猫。
1. then(那时)是过去时间,所以用过去时。
2. was 是 is 的过去式,跟 she 搭配。
3. a little kitten 一只小奶猫(kitten 是小猫专用词)。
📝 即练:
改错:She is a little kitten then. → was (then 是过去时间,要用 was。)
填空:He ___ a baby ten years ago. → was (he + was(过去式)。)
🔊
Her eyes were big and blue.
她的眼睛又大又蓝。
1. eyes 是复数,过去式用 were。
2. and 连接两个形容词。
3. 这里描述的是过去的样子,所以用 were,不是 are。
📝 即练:
填空:Her ears ___ small and pink. → were (ears 复数,过去式 were。)
改错:Her eyes was blue. → were (eyes 复数,要用 were。)
🔊
She was scared of everything.
她什么都怕。
1. 句型:be scared of + 名词。
2. of 不能省。
3. everything(一切)虽然意思是"很多",但语法上是单数。
📝 即练:
填空:I was scared ___ the dog last year. → of (be scared of,of 不能省。)
翻译:他们害怕黑。 They are scared ___ ___ ___. → of the dark (be scared of + the dark。)

✏️ Practice 练习(共 10 大区块 · 语法专项 22+ 题)

📌 本课语法重点:was / were 的用法
🎯 10 大区块循序渐进:听 → 拼 → 语法变形 → 语法应用 → 语法综合 → 转 → 改 → 连 → 译 → 读

🔊 Practice 1 · 听音辨词(共 6 题)

点 🔊 听单词,根据提示写出英文:

1🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:小猫)
2🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:害怕的)
3🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:微小的)
4🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:毛皮)
5🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:勇敢的)
6🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:女王)

📝 Practice 2 · 单词拼写(共 6 题)

根据中文意思和首字母提示,写出完整单词:

1意思:小猫 首字母:k _ _ _ _ _ →
2意思:毛皮 首字母:f _ _ →
3意思:微小的 首字母:t _ _ _ →
4意思:害怕的 首字母:s _ _ _ _ _ →
5意思:女王 首字母:q _ _ _ _ →
6意思:厚厚的 首字母:t _ _ _ _ →

⚡ Practice 3 · 语法基础:be 动词现在→过去:写出过去式(共 8 题)

把下面 be 动词的现在式改成过去式(am/is → was, are → were):

1🔊I am happy.
→
2🔊She is a kitten.
→
3🔊They are scared.
→
4🔊We are in the park.
→
5🔊It is small.
→
6🔊You are brave.
→
7🔊He is at home.
→
8🔊Mimi and her mom are tiny.
→

🎯 Practice 4 · 语法应用:was 还是 were?(共 8 题)

在横线上填 was 或 were(注意主语单复数):

1🔊Mimi a tiny kitten last year.
2🔊Her eyes big and blue.
3🔊We at the park yesterday.
4🔊I scared of the dog.
5🔊You at school last Monday.
6🔊Mimi and her brother small then.
7🔊It a cold winter day.
8🔊The kittens very cute.

✏️ Practice 5 · 语法综合:完成 was / were 句子(共 6 题)

根据中文意思完成英文句子(只用 was 或 were 的肯定式):

1🔊咪咪去年是一只小猫。Mimi last year.
2🔊她的眼睛又大又蓝。Her eyes .
3🔊我们昨天在公园。We yesterday.
4🔊我去年很高兴。I very happy .
5🔊它的毛皮是灰色的。Its fur .
6🔊它们都很微小。They .

🔄 Practice 6 · 句型转换(共 5 题)

按括号要求改写句子:

1🔊Mimi is a small kitten. (改为过去式)
→
2🔊She is scared. (改为过去式)
→
3🔊They are at home. (改为过去式)
→
4🔊I am happy now. (改为"去年我...")
→
5🔊Mimi was brave. (改为"咪咪和她妹妹..." 复数)
→

🔧 Practice 7 · 改错(共 5 题)

每句有一处错误,改正后写在横线上:

1Mimi were a little kitten. 🔊
→
2Her eyes was big and blue. 🔊
→
3We was at school yesterday. 🔊
→
4They was scared. 🔊
→
5I were happy last winter. 🔊
→

🔗 Practice 8 · 连一连(共 6 对)

点击左边一个英文短语,再点击右边对应的中文。配对正确变绿色,错误会摇晃。

英文短语中文意思(已打乱)
🔊1. a little kitten ⟷ 害怕……
🔊2. big and blue ⟷ ……的女王
🔊3. be scared of ⟷ 一只小猫
🔊4. last winter ⟷ 又厚又软
🔊5. thick and soft ⟷ 去年冬天
🔊6. the queen of ⟷ 又大又蓝

✍️ Practice 9 · 翻译练习(共 6 题)

前 3 题中译英,后 3 题英译中:

1咪咪去年是一只小猫。 🔊
→
2她的眼睛又大又蓝。 🔊
→
3我们昨天在公园里。 🔊
→
4🔊Her fur was thin and gray.
→
5🔊Mimi was scared of everything.
→
6🔊We were so happy to see her.
→

📖 Practice 10 · 阅读理解(共 4 题)

回到课文,根据课文内容用英文回答下面的问题:

1🔊When did the family get Mimi?
→
2🔊What color were Mimi's eyes?
→
3🔊Was Mimi brave when she was a kitten?
→
4🔊What is Mimi like now?
→

🔍 词汇深度讲解 · was / were 的精准用法

was / were 是 be 动词的过去式——表示"过去是、过去在"。

📐 主语 vs be 动词:
🔸 I / he / she / it / 单数名词 → was
  I was happy. She was a kitten.
🔸 you / we / they / 复数名词 → were
  You were right. They were here.

❌ 否定:wasn't / weren't
  She wasn't at home.
❓ 疑问句:Was/Were + 主语...?
  Were you tired? — Yes, I was. / No, I wasn't.

💡 常用时间词(一般过去时的标志):
  yesterday 昨天 last week 上周 last year 去年 ago 之前 in 2020 在 2020 年

🐱 英语文化小常识 · Pets in Western Families 西方宠物文化

英美家庭非常重视 pet(宠物)—— 美国家庭中超过 70% 都养宠物!宠物被视为家庭成员,有名字、生日,甚至生日派对!

🐶 最受欢迎的宠物:
🐕 dogs(狗,第一名)
🐱 cats(猫,第二名)
🐠 fish, 🐰 rabbits, 🦜 birds, 🐹 hamsters(仓鼠)

📜 领养文化:
西方人提倡 "Adopt, don't shop"(领养代替购买)—— 从 animal shelter(动物收容所)领养更有意义。

💡 课文里 Mimi 从小猫长大,这是养宠物最让人感动的过程之一!

🎯 本课小结 Summary

✅ 我掌握了be 动词的过去式:was 和 were
✅ 我掌握了过去时间标志词(一看就要用过去时)
✅ 我掌握了be scared of(害怕……)
✅ 我掌握了so + 形容词 + that(如此……以至于)

🌈 下一课预告

📘 Lesson 2 · Mom's childhood and mine 妈妈的童年和我的

新知识点:什么是比较级? + 比较级的 5 种变化规则

⬆️ 返回目录
📍 Chapter 14 · LESSON 2

Lesson 2 · 妈妈的童年和我的

Mom's childhood and mine
📚 形容词比较级 -er + than

📖 Text 课文

妈妈的童年和我的
👧📸🎨🌈
Lesson 2
🔊Mom says her childhood was very different from mine.
🔊Her toys were simple — just paper dolls and wooden blocks.
🔊The streets were quieter, and the sky was darker at night.
🔊She could see many more stars.
🔊My toys are bigger and more colorful.
🔊I have a tablet and a robot dog.
🔊The streets are busier than before.
🔊Cars are everywhere.
🔊But I can see fewer stars now.
🔊Grandma says her own life was even simpler than Mom's.
🔊She had no TV, no phone, no candy.
🔊"You children today are luckier," she always says.
🔊I think every time has its happy things.
🔊Mom misses the stars.
🔊I love my games.
🔊But we both love family dinners the most.

📝 New Words and Expressions 单词与短语

单词音标词性·释义
than/ðæn/conj. 比
childhood/ˈtʃaɪldhʊd/n. 童年
simple/ˈsɪmpl/adj. 简单的
simpler/ˈsɪmplə/adj. 更简单的
quieter/ˈkwaɪətə/adj. 更安静的
darker/ˈdɑːkə/adj. 更暗的
busier/ˈbɪziə/adj. 更忙的;更热闹的
colorful/ˈkʌləfl/adj. 多彩的
tablet/ˈtæblət/n. 平板电脑
robot/ˈrəʊbɒt/n. 机器人
fewer/ˈfjuːə/adj. 更少的(用于可数)
even/ˈiːvn/adv. 甚至
lucky/ˈlʌki/adj. 幸运的
luckier/ˈlʌkiə/adj. 更幸运的
miss/mɪs/v. 想念;错过
both/bəʊθ/pron./adj. 两个都
💡 词汇详解(点击单词或例句可朗读)
thanconj.比

用法:比较级后面的"小尾巴"

busier than before — 比以前更热闹

💡 看到 -er 多半要带 than

childhoodn.童年

用法:child(孩子)+ hood(时期)

her childhood — 她的童年

💡 类似:boyhood 男孩时光

simpleadj.简单的

用法:反义词 difficult / complex

simple toys — 简单的玩具

💡 比较级:simpler

simpleradj.更简单的

用法:simple + r → simpler(e 结尾加 r)

even simpler — 甚至更简单

💡 原级:simple

quieteradj.更安静的

用法:quiet + er → quieter

quieter streets — 更安静的街道

💡 反义:noisier 更吵的

darkeradj.更暗的

用法:dark + er → darker

darker at night — 夜里更暗

💡 反义:brighter 更亮的

busieradj.更忙的;更热闹的

用法:busy → busier(去 y 加 ier)

busier streets — 更热闹的街道

💡 原级:busy

colorfuladj.多彩的

用法:color(颜色)+ ful → 满是颜色的

more colorful 更多彩 — 多音节用 more

💡 反义:plain 单调的

tabletn.平板电脑

用法:现代电子产品

I have a tablet. — 我有一个平板。

💡 类似:phone 手机

robotn.机器人

用法:机器做的"人"或"动物"

a robot dog — 一只机器狗

💡 类似:machine 机器

feweradj.更少的(用于可数)

用法:few → fewer,用于可数名词

fewer stars — 更少的星星

💡 不可数用 less

evenadv.甚至

用法:加在比较级前,加强语气

even simpler 甚至更简单 — "还要更"的意思

💡 类似:much 得多

luckyadj.幸运的

用法:比较级 luckier(去 y 加 ier)

You are luckier. — 你们更幸运。

💡 反义:unlucky 不幸的

luckieradj.更幸运的

用法:lucky → luckier(去 y 加 ier)

children today are luckier — 今天的孩子更幸运

💡 原级:lucky

missv.想念;错过

用法:想念某人或某物

Mom misses the stars. — 妈妈想念星星。

💡 近义:long for 渴望

bothpron./adj.两个都

用法:both = 两个都

we both love... — 我们两个都喜欢……

💡 反义:neither 两个都不

📝 Phrases 重点短语

这些是本课必须掌握的短语和表达,点击听发音,反复跟读:

🔊 be different from
与……不同
🔊 childhood
童年时光
🔊 paper dolls
纸娃娃
🔊 wooden blocks
木积木
🔊 many more stars
多得多的星星
🔊 bigger and more colorful
更大更色彩丰富
🔊 a tablet and a robot dog
平板和机器狗

🇨🇳 参考译文

妈妈说她的童年和我的非常不一样。

她的玩具很简单——只有纸娃娃和木头积木。

街道更安静,晚上天空更暗。

她能看到多得多的星星。

我的玩具更大、更多彩。

我有一个平板和一只机器狗。

街道比以前热闹。到处都是车。

但我现在能看到的星星更少了。

奶奶说她自己的生活甚至比妈妈的还简单。

她那时没有电视,没有电话,没有糖。

"你们这些孩子今天更幸运,"她总是这样说。

我觉得每个时代都有它快乐的事。

妈妈想念星星。我喜欢我的游戏。

但我们都最爱一家人吃晚饭。

📚 Note 语法讲解

🎯 核心句型:形容词比较级
A + be + 形容词比较级 + than + B
📐 句型拆解
▸ 短词 + er taller, bigger, happier
▸ 长词 + more more beautiful
▸ 不规则 good→better, bad→worse
💡 例句(点击发音)
🔊 My toys are bigger than Mom's. 我的玩具比妈妈的大。
🔊 You are luckier than us. 你比我们幸运。
⚠️ 比较两个东西时用比较级,记住后面常跟 than。

一、什么是比较级?

比较两样东西,谁更……,就要用比较级。

句型:A + be 动词 + 形容词比较级 + than + B

The streets are busier than before. — 街道比以前热闹。
My toys are bigger than Mom's. — 我的玩具比妈妈的大。
You children are luckier than us. — 你们孩子比我们幸运。
💡 看到 -er 或 more,后面常常跟 than(比)。如果上下文已经清楚,than 也可以省。

对比:原级 vs 比较级

The streets are busy. → The streets are busier than before.  热闹 → 比以前更热闹
My toys are big. → My toys are bigger.  大 → 更大
Mom's life was simple. → Grandma's life was simpler.  简单 → 更简单
I am lucky. → You are luckier than me.  幸运 → 比我更幸运

二、比较级的 5 种变化规则

不同的形容词,加 -er 的方法不一样。一共有 5 种规则。

规则1:一般情况,直接加 -er

tall(高的) → taller  直接加 er
quiet(安静的) → quieter  直接加 er
dark(暗的) → darker  直接加 er
short(矮的) → shorter  直接加 er
cheap(便宜的) → cheaper  直接加 er
The streets were quieter then. — 那时街道更安静。
The sky is darker at night. — 夜里天空更暗。

规则2:以 -e 结尾,只加 -r

simple(简单的) → simpler  加 r
nice(好的) → nicer  加 r
large(大的) → larger  加 r
late(晚的) → later  加 r
wide(宽的) → wider  加 r
Grandma's life was simpler. — 奶奶的生活更简单。
My room is larger than yours. — 我的房间比你的大。

规则3:重读闭音节,双写最后一个字母 + er(一个元音 + 一个辅音结尾)

big(大的) → bigger  双写 g + er
hot(热的) → hotter  双写 t + er
thin(瘦的) → thinner  双写 n + er
fat(胖的) → fatter  双写 t + er
sad(伤心的) → sadder  双写 d + er
My toys are bigger than Mom's. — 我的玩具比妈妈的大。
Today is hotter than yesterday. — 今天比昨天热。
⚠️ 怎么判断"重读闭音节"?看:① 一个元音字母 ② 后面只有一个辅音字母 ③ 整词只有一个音节。big、hot、thin、fat 都符合。

规则4:辅音字母 + y 结尾,去 y 加 ier

busy(忙的) → busier  去 y → ier
happy(开心的) → happier  去 y → ier
lucky(幸运的) → luckier  去 y → ier
easy(容易的) → easier  去 y → ier
heavy(重的) → heavier  去 y → ier
Streets are busier than before. — 街道比以前热闹。
You are luckier than us. — 你们比我们幸运。

规则5:多音节词(长单词),前面加 more

colorful(多彩的) → more colorful  前面加 more
interesting(有趣的) → more interesting  前面加 more
beautiful(美丽的) → more beautiful  前面加 more
careful(仔细的) → more careful  前面加 more
difficult(难的) → more difficult  前面加 more
My toys are more colorful. — 我的玩具更多彩。
This book is more interesting than that one. — 这本书比那本有意思。

三、不规则比较级(要单独记!)

有几个常用形容词不按规则变化,必须背下来。

good / well(好的 / 好地) → better  更好的 / 更好地
bad(坏的) → worse  更坏的
many / much(多的) → more  更多的
few(少的,可数) → fewer  更少的(可数)
little(少的,不可数) → less  更少的(不可数)
Mom could see many more stars. — 妈妈能看到多得多的星星。
I can see fewer stars now. — 我现在能看到更少的星星。
My English is better than last year. — 我的英语比去年好。
Today is worse than yesterday. — 今天比昨天糟。
🎵 口诀:好变 better,坏变 worse,多变 more,少变 fewer / less。
💡 fewer vs less:能数的(star, friend, book)用 fewer;不能数的(water, time, milk)用 less。

四、much / even + 比较级(加强语气)

在比较级前加 much(……得多)或 even(甚至更……),让对比更强烈。

much + 比较级(……得多)

Mom could see many more stars. — 妈妈能看到多得多的星星。
My bag is much heavier than yours. — 我的包比你的重得多。
She is much braver now. — 她现在勇敢得多。

even + 比较级(甚至更……)

Grandma's life was even simpler than Mom's. — 奶奶的生活甚至比妈妈的更简单。
This book is even more interesting. — 这本书甚至更有意思。
⚠️ much / even 都要放在比较级前面,不能放原级前。不能说 "much busy",要说 "much busier"。

🔑 Key Sentences 重点句解析

🔊
Her toys were simple — just paper dolls and wooden blocks.
她的玩具很简单——只有纸娃娃和木头积木。
1. toys 是复数,过去式用 were。
2. simple 简单的(比较级 simpler)。
3. 破折号 — 表示"也就是说",后面是举例说明。
📝 即练:
填空:My toys ___ colorful.(现在时) → are (toys 复数 + 现在 → are。)
填空:simple 的比较级是 ___ → simpler (e 结尾加 r。)
🔊
The streets are busier than before.
街道比以前热闹。
1. busier = busy 去 y 加 ier。
2. than before = 比以前。
3. streets 是复数,所以用 are。
📝 即练:
填空:The road is ___ than before.(busy) → busier (busy → busier。)
填空:This bag is heavier ___ that one. → than (比较级后跟 than。)
🔊
Grandma's life was even simpler than Mom's.
奶奶的生活甚至比妈妈的更简单。
1. even + 比较级 = 甚至更……(比已经简单的还要简单)。
2. simpler = simple 加 r。
3. Mom's = Mom's life,省略了 life 避免重复。
📝 即练:
填空:This is ___ harder than that.(甚至) → even (甚至更…用 even + 比较级。)
改错:Grandma's life was much more simpler. → much simpler / even simpler (simple 是单音节,用 simpler 不用 more simpler。much / even 都可以加强。)

✏️ Practice 练习(共 10 大区块 · 语法专项 22+ 题)

📌 本课语法重点:比较级的 5 种变化规则
🎯 10 大区块循序渐进:听 → 拼 → 语法变形 → 语法应用 → 语法综合 → 转 → 改 → 连 → 译 → 读

🔊 Practice 1 · 听音辨词(共 6 题)

点 🔊 听单词,根据提示写出英文:

1🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:童年)
2🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:更简单的)
3🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:更安静的)
4🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:更黑的)
5🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:更忙的)
6🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:彩色的)

📝 Practice 2 · 单词拼写(共 6 题)

根据中文意思和首字母提示,写出完整单词:

1意思:童年 首字母:c _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ →
2意思:比 首字母:t _ _ _ →
3意思:简单的 首字母:s _ _ _ _ _ →
4意思:安静的 首字母:q _ _ _ _ →
5意思:彩色的 首字母:c _ _ _ _ _ _ _ →
6意思:木块 首字母:b _ _ _ _ →

⚡ Practice 3 · 语法基础:写出下列形容词的比较级(共 8 题)

注意 5 种变化规则:直接加 er / 加 r / y变i+er / 双写+er / more

1🔊tall(高的)→ ___
→
2🔊large(大的)→ ___
→
3🔊happy(开心的)→ ___
→
4🔊big(大的)→ ___
→
5🔊beautiful(美丽的)→ ___
→
6🔊good(好的)→ ___
→
7🔊bad(坏的)→ ___
→
8🔊thin(瘦的)→ ___
→

🎯 Practice 4 · 语法应用:用括号词的比较级填空(共 8 题)

用括号里形容词的比较级形式完成句子:

1🔊Tom is than Sam. (tall)
2🔊My bag is than Mom's bag. (big)
3🔊She is than her sister. (happy)
4🔊This book is than that book. (interesting)
5🔊The sky was last night than tonight. (dark)
6🔊Math is than science. (easy)
7🔊His grade is than last time. (good)
8🔊The weather is today. (bad)

✏️ Practice 5 · 语法综合:完成比较级句子(共 6 题)

根据中文意思完成英文句子(注意比较级 + than 结构):

1🔊我的玩具比妈妈的玩具大。My toys are than .
2🔊街道比以前更安静。The streets .
3🔊天空昨晚比今晚更暗。The sky was .
4🔊我的故事比他的故事有趣。My story is his story.
5🔊她比她姐姐幸运。She is her sister.
6🔊他的英语比我的英语好。His English is my English.

🔄 Practice 6 · 句型转换(共 5 题)

按括号要求改写句子:

1🔊Tom is tall. Sam is short. (用 than 合并)
→
2🔊My toys are big. Mom's toys are small. (用 than 合并)
→
3🔊The streets are quiet today. (改为"昨天比今天更安静")
→
4🔊This book is interesting. (改为比较级,加 "than that book")
→
5🔊She is busy. (改为"她妈妈比她更忙")
→

🔧 Practice 7 · 改错(共 5 题)

每句有一处错误,改正后写在横线上:

1Tom is more taller than Sam. 🔊
→
2My bag is biger than Mom's bag. 🔊
→
3She is happyer than her sister. 🔊
→
4This is interestinger than that. 🔊
→
5The sky was more darker last night. 🔊
→

🔗 Practice 8 · 连一连(共 6 对)

点击左边一个英文短语,再点击右边对应的中文。配对正确变绿色,错误会摇晃。

英文短语中文意思(已打乱)
🔊1. paper dolls ⟷ 与……不同
🔊2. wooden blocks ⟷ 更安静的街道
🔊3. quieter streets ⟷ 木积木
🔊4. much more colorful ⟷ 纸娃娃
🔊5. different from ⟷ 色彩丰富得多
🔊6. many more stars ⟷ 多得多的星星

✍️ Practice 9 · 翻译练习(共 6 题)

前 3 题中译英,后 3 题英译中:

1我的玩具比妈妈的玩具大。 🔊
→
2那时候天空更暗。 🔊
→
3街道更安静。 🔊
→
4🔊Her toys were simpler than my toys.
→
5🔊She could see many more stars.
→
6🔊My toys are bigger and more colorful.
→

📖 Practice 10 · 阅读理解(共 4 题)

回到课文,根据课文内容用英文回答下面的问题:

1🔊What were Mom's toys like?
→
2🔊Why could Mom see more stars?
→
3🔊How are the speaker's toys different?
→
4🔊Were the streets quieter in Mom's childhood?
→

🔍 词汇深度讲解 · 形容词比较级 -er 变形规则

比较两个事物用比较级——形式取决于词长和拼写规则:

✅ 规则 1:大部分词直接 + er
  tall → taller long → longer quiet → quieter

✅ 规则 2:以 e 结尾,直接 + r
  large → larger nice → nicer wide → wider

✅ 规则 3:辅音+y 结尾,y 变 i + er
  happy → happier easy → easier busy → busier

✅ 规则 4:重读闭音节(短元音+单辅音),双写最后辅音 + er
  big → bigger hot → hotter thin → thinner

📐 句型:A + 比较级 + than + B
  My mom's childhood was simpler than mine.

👧 英语文化小常识 · Childhood Memories 童年文化对比

英美的童年和今天中国的孩子童年差别很大——这一课让孩子思考两代人成长方式的变化。

📺 父母小时候 vs 现在:
📻 父母:广播、彩色电视刚出现、纸质书
📱 现在:iPad、AI、3D 电影、TikTok

🎨 美国典型的 80/90 后童年:
🚲 周末骑自行车在街区玩到天黑
📺 周六早上看 cartoons(动画片)
📞 家里只有 landline(座机),没手机
📦 玩 Lego、Barbie、Hot Wheels
📚 在 library 借书读

💬 美国父母常说:"Things were simpler when I was your age."
  (我那时候的事情更简单。)

💡 这也是英语 "the good old days"(美好的旧时光)的来源!

🎯 本课小结 Summary

✅ 我掌握了什么是比较级?
✅ 我掌握了比较级的 5 种变化规则
✅ 我掌握了不规则比较级(要单独记!)
✅ 我掌握了much / even + 比较级(加强语气)

🌈 下一课预告

📘 Lesson 3 · The week I was sick 我生病的那一周

新知识点:规则动词过去式:加 -ed + 过去式 -ed 的 4 种变化规则

⬆️ 返回目录
📍 Chapter 14 · LESSON 3

Lesson 3 · 我生病的那一周

The week I was sick
📚 规则动词过去式 -ed

📖 Text 课文

我生病的那一周
🤒💊🌡️🏠
Lesson 3
🔊Last week, I was sick.
🔊I coughed a lot and stayed in bed.
🔊I didn't play.
🔊I didn't laugh.
🔊I just slept.
🔊Mom cooked soup for me every day.
🔊She watched me sleep and held my hand at night.
🔊My friends called me on the phone.
🔊They asked when I would come back.
🔊I missed school.
🔊I missed the playground.
🔊I missed everyone.
🔊The days passed slowly, like a long quiet song.
🔊This week, I am back at school!
🔊I jumped on the playground and laughed with my friends.
🔊I talked too much in class — the teacher smiled at me.
🔊Last week was so quiet.
🔊This week is full of life.
🔊But I learned one thing: I love being healthy, and I love my mom.

📝 New Words and Expressions 单词与短语

单词音标词性·释义
coughed/kɒft/v. 咳嗽(过去式)
stayed/steɪd/v. 待;停留(过去式)
cooked/kʊkt/v. 做饭;煮(过去式)
soup/suːp/n. 汤
watched/wɒtʃt/v. 看(过去式)
held/held/v. 握住;抱(过去式)
called/kɔːld/v. 打电话;叫(过去式)
asked/ɑːskt/v. 问(过去式)
missed/mɪst/v. 想念;错过(过去式)
playground/ˈpleɪɡraʊnd/n. 操场;游乐场
passed/pɑːst/v. 过去;经过(过去式)
jumped/dʒʌmpt/v. 跳(过去式)
laughed/lɑːft/v. 笑(过去式)
talked/tɔːkt/v. 说话(过去式)
smiled/smaɪld/v. 微笑(过去式)
learned/lɜːnd/v. 学到(过去式)
healthy/ˈhelθi/adj. 健康的
💡 词汇详解(点击单词或例句可朗读)
coughedv.咳嗽(过去式)

用法:cough + ed → coughed,-ed 读 /t/

I coughed a lot. — 我咳得很厉害。

💡 原形:cough

stayedv.待;停留(过去式)

用法:stay + ed → stayed,-ed 读 /d/

I stayed in bed. — 我躺在床上。

💡 原形:stay

cookedv.做饭;煮(过去式)

用法:cook + ed → cooked,-ed 读 /t/

Mom cooked soup. — 妈妈熬了汤。

💡 原形:cook

soupn.汤

用法:生病时常喝的食物

cook soup 熬汤 — 热汤暖胃

💡 类似:juice 果汁

watchedv.看(过去式)

用法:watch + ed → watched,-ed 读 /t/

She watched me sleep. — 她看着我睡。

💡 原形:watch

heldv.握住;抱(过去式)

用法:hold → held,<strong>不规则</strong>

She held my hand. — 她握着我的手。

💡 hold (现在) / held (过去)

calledv.打电话;叫(过去式)

用法:call + ed → called,-ed 读 /d/

My friends called me. — 朋友们打电话给我。

💡 原形:call

askedv.问(过去式)

用法:ask + ed → asked,-ed 读 /t/

They asked me a question. — 他们问我一个问题。

💡 反义:answer 回答

missedv.想念;错过(过去式)

用法:miss + ed → missed,-ed 读 /t/

I missed school. — 我想念学校。

💡 原形:miss

playgroundn.操场;游乐场

用法:play(玩)+ ground(地)

on the playground — 在操场上

💡 类似:park 公园

passedv.过去;经过(过去式)

用法:pass + ed → passed,-ed 读 /t/

The days passed slowly. — 日子过得很慢。

💡 原形:pass

jumpedv.跳(过去式)

用法:jump + ed → jumped,-ed 读 /t/

I jumped on the playground. — 我在操场上跳。

💡 原形:jump

laughedv.笑(过去式)

用法:laugh + ed → laughed,-ed 读 /t/

I laughed with my friends. — 我和朋友们一起笑。

💡 原形:laugh

talkedv.说话(过去式)

用法:talk + ed → talked,-ed 读 /t/

I talked too much. — 我说得太多了。

💡 原形:talk

smiledv.微笑(过去式)

用法:smile + d → smiled(e 结尾加 d),-ed 读 /d/

The teacher smiled at me. — 老师对我笑了。

💡 原形:smile

learnedv.学到(过去式)

用法:learn + ed → learned,-ed 读 /d/

I learned one thing. — 我学到一件事。

💡 原形:learn

healthyadj.健康的

用法:health(健康)+ y

I love being healthy. — 我爱健康。

💡 反义:sick 生病的

📝 Phrases 重点短语

这些是本课必须掌握的短语和表达,点击听发音,反复跟读:

🔊 be sick
生病
🔊 cough a lot
咳嗽得厉害
🔊 stay in bed
躺在床上
🔊 cook soup for sb.
给某人做汤
🔊 feel better
感觉好些
🔊 go back to school
回学校
🔊 all day
一整天

🇨🇳 参考译文

上周我生病了。我咳得很厉害,躺在床上。

我没玩。我没笑。我只是睡。

妈妈每天给我熬汤。

她看着我睡,晚上握着我的手。

我的朋友们打电话给我。

他们问我什么时候回来。

我想念学校。我想念操场。我想念每一个人。

日子过得很慢,像一首又长又安静的歌。

这周,我回学校了!

我在操场上跳,和朋友们一起笑。

我在课堂上话说得太多——老师对我笑了。

上周那么安静。这周满是活力。

但我学到了一件事:我爱健康,我爱我妈妈。

📚 Note 语法讲解

🎯 核心句型:规则动词过去式 -ed
主语 + 动词 + ed + ...
📐 句型拆解
▸ 一般情况 +ed cooked, asked, watched
▸ e 结尾 +d liked, lived, loved
▸ 辅音+y → ied studied, cried, tried
▸ 双写+ed stopped, planned, hugged
💡 例句(点击发音)
🔊 Mom cooked soup for me. 妈妈给我做了汤。
🔊 I stayed in bed all day. 我整天待在床上。
⏰ 过去发生的动作用过去式:动词原形 → 加 -ed。

一、规则动词过去式:加 -ed

动词表示"过去做了什么",要变成过去式。规则动词在原形后加 -ed。

句型:主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他

I coughed a lot last week. — 我上周咳得很厉害。
Mom cooked soup for me. — 妈妈给我熬了汤。
My friends called me. — 朋友们打电话给我。
I missed everyone. — 我想念每一个人。
⚠️ 一般过去时主语后是动词过去式,不能再用 was/were 重复!例:I coughed.(不能写成 I was coughed.)

对比:现在 vs 过去

I cough. → I coughed last week.  现在咳 / 那时咳了
Mom cooks soup. → Mom cooked soup yesterday.  现在 / 昨天
My friends call me. → My friends called me.  现在 / 那时
I miss school. → I missed school.  现在想念 / 那时想念

二、过去式 -ed 的 4 种变化规则

不同结尾的动词,加 -ed 的方法不一样。

规则1:一般情况,直接加 -ed

cough(咳嗽) → coughed  加 ed
cook(做饭) → cooked  加 ed
call(打电话) → called  加 ed
ask(问) → asked  加 ed
jump(跳) → jumped  加 ed
laugh(笑) → laughed  加 ed
talk(说) → talked  加 ed
learn(学) → learned  加 ed
Mom cooked soup for me. — 妈妈给我熬了汤。
I jumped on the playground. — 我在操场上跳。

规则2:以 -e 结尾,只加 -d

smile(笑) → smiled  加 d
live(住) → lived  加 d
like(喜欢) → liked  加 d
dance(跳舞) → danced  加 d
use(使用) → used  加 d
The teacher smiled at me. — 老师对我笑了。
I lived in Beijing. — 我(曾)住在北京。

规则3:重读闭音节,双写最后一个字母 + ed

stop(停) → stopped  双写 p + ed
plan(计划) → planned  双写 n + ed
hop(蹦) → hopped  双写 p + ed
drop(掉) → dropped  双写 p + ed
shop(购物) → shopped  双写 p + ed
We stopped to eat. — 我们停下来吃饭。
I dropped my pen. — 我把笔掉了。
⚠️ 跟比较级 bigger 的双写规则一样:一个元音 + 一个辅音结尾,且只一个音节。

规则4:辅音字母 + y 结尾,去 y 加 ied

study(学习) → studied  去 y → ied
try(试) → tried  去 y → ied
cry(哭) → cried  去 y → ied
carry(搬) → carried  去 y → ied
hurry(匆忙) → hurried  去 y → ied
She studied her book. — 她学了她的书。
The baby cried all night. — 宝宝哭了一整夜。
⚠️ 注意是辅音+y。如果是元音+y(如 play、stay、enjoy),直接加 ed → played / stayed / enjoyed。

三、-ed 的 3 种发音

虽然写法都是 -ed,但读音有 3 种:/t/、/d/、/ɪd/。

1. 清辅音结尾(除 t)→ -ed 读 /t/

coughed → /kɒft/  f 后读 /t/
cooked → /kʊkt/  k 后读 /t/
jumped → /dʒʌmpt/  p 后读 /t/
missed → /mɪst/  s 后读 /t/

2. 浊辅音 / 元音结尾(除 d)→ -ed 读 /d/

stayed → /steɪd/  元音后读 /d/
called → /kɔːld/  l 后读 /d/
smiled → /smaɪld/  l 后读 /d/
learned → /lɜːnd/  n 后读 /d/

3. /t/ 或 /d/ 结尾 → -ed 读 /ɪd/(多一个音节)

wanted → /ˈwɒntɪd/  t 后读 /ɪd/
started → /ˈstɑːtɪd/  t 后读 /ɪd/
needed → /ˈniːdɪd/  d 后读 /ɪd/
visited → /ˈvɪzɪtɪd/  t 后读 /ɪd/
🎵 口诀:清辅 /t/,元浊 /d/,t、d 后面读 /ɪd/。

四、不规则动词预告(先认识 4 个)

有些动词不按 -ed 规则变化,叫不规则动词。今天课文里出现了几个,先认识:

hold(握) → held  握住手
sleep(睡) → slept  睡着了
feel(感觉) → felt  感觉到了
come(来) → came  来了
She held my hand at night. — 她晚上握着我的手。
I just slept all day. — 我整天就是睡。
I felt better the next day. — 我第二天感觉好了。
💡 不规则动词没有规律,必须一个一个记。后面的课会系统学,今天先认识就好。

🔑 Key Sentences 重点句解析

🔊
Mom cooked soup for me every day.
妈妈每天给我熬汤。
1. cooked = cook + ed,"做饭(过去)"。
2. -ed 在这里读 /t/(cook 以清辅音 /k/ 结尾)。
3. cook ... for sb. = 给某人做……。
📝 即练:
填空:Last night, Mom ___ dinner for us.(cook 的过去式) → cooked (cook + ed = cooked。)
cooked 的 -ed 读音是 /__/ → t (cook 以清辅音结尾,-ed 读 /t/。)
🔊
I missed school. I missed everyone.
我想念学校。我想念每一个人。
1. missed = miss + ed,"想念(过去)"。
2. miss 既可以是"错过",也可以是"想念"。
3. everyone(每个人)虽然意思像复数,但语法上是单数。
📝 即练:
填空:I ___ my mom when I was at camp.(miss 的过去式) → missed (miss + ed = missed。)
missed 的 -ed 读音是 /__/ → t (miss 以清辅音 /s/ 结尾,-ed 读 /t/。)
🔊
The teacher smiled at me.
老师对我笑了。
1. smiled = smile + d(e 结尾只加 d)。
2. smile at sb. = 对某人微笑。
3. -ed 在这里读 /d/(smile 以浊辅音 /l/ 结尾)。
📝 即练:
填空:Mom ___ at me yesterday.(smile 的过去式) → smiled (smile + d = smiled。)
改错:The teacher smileed at me. → smiled (smile 以 e 结尾,只加 d。)

✏️ Practice 练习(共 10 大区块 · 语法专项 22+ 题)

📌 本课语法重点:动词过去式 -ed 的 4 种变化规则
🎯 10 大区块循序渐进:听 → 拼 → 语法变形 → 语法应用 → 语法综合 → 转 → 改 → 连 → 译 → 读

🔊 Practice 1 · 听音辨词(共 6 题)

点 🔊 听单词,根据提示写出英文:

1🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:咳嗽(过去式))
2🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:待着(过去式))
3🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:做饭(过去式))
4🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:汤)
5🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:看(过去式))
6🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:问(过去式))

📝 Practice 2 · 单词拼写(共 6 题)

根据中文意思和首字母提示,写出完整单词:

1意思:汤 首字母:s _ _ _ →
2意思:咳嗽 首字母:c _ _ _ _ →
3意思:做饭 首字母:c _ _ _ →
4意思:观看 首字母:w _ _ _ _ →
5意思:问 首字母:a _ _ →
6意思:待 首字母:s _ _ _ →

⚡ Practice 3 · 语法基础:写出下列动词的过去式(共 8 题)

注意 4 种变化规则:直接 +ed / 加 -d / y→ied / 双写+ed

1🔊cook → ___
→
2🔊watch → ___
→
3🔊like → ___
→
4🔊study → ___
→
5🔊stop → ___
→
6🔊cry → ___
→
7🔊plan → ___
→
8🔊hope → ___
→

🎯 Practice 4 · 语法应用:用括号动词的过去式填空(共 8 题)

用括号内动词的过去式填空:

1🔊Last week, I at home. (stay)
2🔊Mom chicken soup. (cook)
3🔊I cartoons all day. (watch)
4🔊Dad the doctor. (call)
5🔊She hard yesterday. (study)
6🔊They playing at 8 pm. (stop)
7🔊The baby all night. (cry)
8🔊He his homework after dinner. (finish)

✏️ Practice 5 · 语法综合:完成句子(共 6 题)

根据中文完成英文句子(只用过去式的肯定式):

1🔊上周我生病了。Last week, I .
2🔊我整天待在床上。I .
3🔊妈妈给我做了汤。Mom .
4🔊我看了一整天的电视。I TV .
5🔊上周课我错过了。I school last week.
6🔊我感觉好多了。I much .

🔄 Practice 6 · 句型转换(共 5 题)

按括号要求改写句子:

1🔊I stay at home today. (改为"昨天我在家")
→
2🔊She cooks soup. (改为过去式)
→
3🔊We watch cartoons. (改为过去式)
→
4🔊He plays soccer every day. (改为过去式)
→
5🔊They study English. (改为过去式)
→

🔧 Practice 7 · 改错(共 5 题)

每句有一处错误,改正后写在横线上:

1Yesterday I stay at home. 🔊
→
2She cookd soup for me. 🔊
→
3Last week he stopd by my house. 🔊
→
4I studyed hard yesterday. 🔊
→
5They watch a movie last night. 🔊
→

🔗 Practice 8 · 连一连(共 6 对)

点击左边一个英文短语,再点击右边对应的中文。配对正确变绿色,错误会摇晃。

英文短语中文意思(已打乱)
🔊1. stay in bed ⟷ 照顾
🔊2. chicken soup ⟷ 鸡汤
🔊3. feel better ⟷ 一整天
🔊4. a lot of ⟷ 许多
🔊5. all day ⟷ 躺在床上
🔊6. take care of ⟷ 感觉好一些

✍️ Practice 9 · 翻译练习(共 6 题)

前 3 题中译英,后 3 题英译中:

1上周我生病了。 🔊
→
2妈妈给我做了鸡汤。 🔊
→
3我整天躺在床上。 🔊
→
4🔊I coughed a lot and stayed in bed.
→
5🔊Mom cooked soup for me every day.
→
6🔊I jumped on the playground and laughed.
→

📖 Practice 10 · 阅读理解(共 4 题)

回到课文,根据课文内容用英文回答下面的问题:

1🔊When was the speaker sick?
→
2🔊What did Mom cook?
→
3🔊Did the speaker play and laugh?
→
4🔊How does the speaker feel now?
→

🔍 词汇深度讲解 · 动词过去式 -ed 变形规则

规则动词的过去式都是加 -ed——但拼写有讲究:

✅ 规则 1:大部分动词直接 + ed
  cook → cooked ask → asked watch → watched

✅ 规则 2:以 e 结尾,直接 + d
  like → liked hope → hoped live → lived

✅ 规则 3:辅音+y 结尾,y 变 i + ed
  study → studied cry → cried try → tried

✅ 规则 4:重读闭音节,双写最后辅音 + ed
  stop → stopped plan → planned hug → hugged

🔊 -ed 的 3 种发音:
  清辅音后读 /t/:cooked /kʊkt/, watched /wɒtʃt/
  浊辅音/元音后读 /d/:played /pleɪd/, called /kɔːld/
  t/d 后读 /ɪd/:wanted /wɒntɪd/, needed /niːdɪd/

🤒 英语文化小常识 · Sick Days 生病的家庭文化

在英美家庭,孩子生病在家 (stay home sick) 是重要的爱与陪伴时刻:

👨‍👩‍👧 典型流程:
🤒 孩子发烧 → 请假在家
🍲 妈妈/爸爸做 chicken soup(鸡汤!经典生病食物)
📺 一起看电影、读故事
💗 family time(家人陪伴)

🍞 美国生病食物 "Comfort Food":
🥣 chicken noodle soup(鸡肉面条汤)—— 经典中的经典!
🍵 ginger tea(姜茶)
🥚 scrambled eggs and toast(炒蛋吐司)
🍌 mashed banana(香蕉泥)

📜 有趣习语:
  "Feed a cold, starve a fever"(感冒要吃,发烧要饿——其实是民间说法,没科学依据)
  "An apple a day keeps the doctor away"(一天一苹果,医生远离我)

💡 美国学校通常孩子一发烧就必须在家 24 小时才能回校——保护其他孩子。

🎯 本课小结 Summary

✅ 我掌握了规则动词过去式:加 -ed
✅ 我掌握了过去式 -ed 的 4 种变化规则
✅ 我掌握了-ed 的 3 种发音
✅ 我掌握了不规则动词预告(先认识 4 个)

🌈 下一课预告

📘 Lesson 4 · Grandma's birthday 奶奶的生日

新知识点:不规则动词过去式(必须背!) + 规则 + 不规则动词混合使用

⬆️ 返回目录
📍 Chapter 14 · LESSON 4

Lesson 4 · 奶奶的生日

Grandma's birthday
📚 过去式综合 · 不规则动词

📖 Text 课文

奶奶的生日
🎂🎁👵🎉
Lesson 4
🔊Grandma is a very quiet person.
🔊Every day, she reads the paper, waters her flowers,
🔊and looks at old photos of us.
🔊But last Sunday was her birthday, and Grandma was different!
🔊All of us came to her house.
🔊Mom made a big cake.
🔊Dad sang a funny song.
🔊Grandma laughed so much that her eyes filled with tears.
🔊She danced with my little brother.
🔊She gave each of us a red envelope.
🔊She told stories about when she was young.
🔊In the evening, Grandma sat on the balcony with me.
🔊She held my hand and said, "Today was my best day in years."
🔊I hugged her tight.
🔊I had never seen her so happy before.

📝 New Words and Expressions 单词与短语

单词音标词性·释义
paper/ˈpeɪpə/n. 报纸;纸
water/ˈwɔːtə/v. 浇水
came/keɪm/v. 来(过去式)
made/meɪd/v. 做;制作(过去式)
sang/sæŋ/v. 唱(过去式)
tear/tɪə/n. 眼泪
gave/ɡeɪv/v. 给(过去式)
envelope/ˈenvələʊp/n. 信封
told/təʊld/v. 讲;告诉(过去式)
sat/sæt/v. 坐(过去式)
balcony/ˈbælkəni/n. 阳台
held/held/v. 握;抱(过去式)
hugged/hʌɡd/v. 拥抱(过去式)
tight/taɪt/adv./adj. 紧紧地;紧的
never/ˈnevə/adv. 从不;从未
💡 词汇详解(点击单词或例句可朗读)
papern.报纸;纸

用法:the paper = the newspaper

read the paper — 读报纸

💡 近义:newspaper 报纸

waterv.浇水

用法:名词水 → 动词浇水

water the flowers — 浇花

💡 过去式:watered

camev.来(过去式)

用法:come → came,<strong>不规则</strong>

All of us came. — 我们都来了。

💡 come (现在) / came (过去)

madev.做;制作(过去式)

用法:make → made,<strong>不规则</strong>

Mom made a cake. — 妈妈做了蛋糕。

💡 make (现在) / made (过去)

sangv.唱(过去式)

用法:sing → sang,<strong>不规则</strong>

Dad sang a song. — 爸爸唱了一首歌。

💡 sing (现在) / sang (过去)

tearn.眼泪

用法:复数 tears

eyes filled with tears — 眼里满是泪

💡 动词:cry 哭

gavev.给(过去式)

用法:give → gave,<strong>不规则</strong>

She gave each of us a gift. — 她给我们每人一个礼物。

💡 give (现在) / gave (过去)

envelopen.信封

用法:red envelope = 红包

a red envelope — 一个红包

💡 类似:letter 信

toldv.讲;告诉(过去式)

用法:tell → told,<strong>不规则</strong>

She told stories. — 她讲了故事。

💡 tell (现在) / told (过去)

satv.坐(过去式)

用法:sit → sat,<strong>不规则</strong>

She sat on the balcony. — 她坐在阳台上。

💡 sit (现在) / sat (过去)

balconyn.阳台

用法:楼房外的小平台

on the balcony — 在阳台上

💡 类似:terrace 露台

heldv.握;抱(过去式)

用法:hold → held,<strong>不规则</strong>

She held my hand. — 她握着我的手。

💡 hold (现在) / held (过去)

huggedv.拥抱(过去式)

用法:hug 双写 g 加 ed → hugged

I hugged her tight. — 我紧紧抱住她。

💡 原形:hug

tightadv./adj.紧紧地;紧的

用法:hold tight = 抱紧

hold tight 紧紧抱 — 反义:loose 松的

💡 反义:loose 松的

neveradv.从不;从未

用法:强烈否定,比 not 更绝对

I had never seen her so happy. — 我从没见她这么开心过。

💡 反义:always 总是

📝 Phrases 重点短语

这些是本课必须掌握的短语和表达,点击听发音,反复跟读:

🔊 a quiet person
一个安静的人
🔊 water her flowers
给她的花浇水
🔊 all of us
我们所有人
🔊 make a big cake
做一个大蛋糕
🔊 sing happy birthday
唱生日快乐歌
🔊 have tears in eyes
眼里含泪
🔊 a wonderful day
美好的一天

🇨🇳 参考译文

奶奶是一个很安静的人。

每天她读报纸,浇花,

看我们的老照片。

但上周日是她的生日,奶奶变得不一样了!

我们所有人都来到她家。

妈妈做了一个大蛋糕。爸爸唱了一首搞笑的歌。

奶奶笑得眼里都是泪。

她和我弟弟跳了舞。她给我们每人一个红包。

她讲了她年轻时候的故事。

晚上,奶奶和我坐在阳台上。

她握着我的手说:"今天是我这些年最好的一天。"

我紧紧抱住她。我从没见她这么开心过。

📚 Note 语法讲解

🎯 核心句型:不规则动词过去式
主语 + 动词的不规则过去式 + ...
📐 句型拆解
▸ go → went come → came
▸ see → saw eat → ate
▸ make → made give → gave
▸ sing → sang have → had
💡 例句(点击发音)
🔊 All of us came to her house. 我们都来到她家。
🔊 I gave her a card. 我给了她一张卡片。
📝 不按 -ed 规则!每个都要单独背!

一、不规则动词过去式(必须背!)

上一课我们学了规则动词加 -ed。但有很多常用动词不按规则变化,必须一个一个背。

课文里出现的不规则动词:

come(来) → came  我们来了
make(做) → made  妈妈做了蛋糕
sing(唱) → sang  爸爸唱了歌
give(给) → gave  奶奶给红包
tell(讲) → told  她讲了故事
sit(坐) → sat  她坐在阳台上
hold(握) → held  她握着我的手
see(看见) → saw  我看见了
eat(吃) → ate  我们吃了
have(有) → had  我们玩得开心
All of us came to her house. — 我们都来到她家。
Mom made a big cake. — 妈妈做了大蛋糕。
She gave each of us a red envelope. — 她给我们每人一个红包。
She told stories about when she was young. — 她讲了她年轻时的故事。
💡 不规则动词没有规律,只能死记硬背。但常用的就那几十个,记下来就够用。

二、规则 + 不规则动词混合使用

一段话里通常会同时出现规则动词和不规则动词。

规则动词(加 -ed):

laugh → laughed  加 ed
dance → danced  加 d
hug → hugged  双写 + ed
cry → cried  去 y 加 ied

不规则动词(要单独记):

come → came  不规则
sing → sang  不规则
sit → sat  不规则
hold → held  不规则
Grandma laughed so much, and I hugged her tight. — 奶奶笑得很厉害,我紧紧抱住她。
Dad sang a song, and Mom danced with us. — 爸爸唱了歌,妈妈和我们跳了舞。
⚠️ 看到一个动词,先想:是规则的吗?如果不是常见词,多半是规则的;如果是 go/come/eat/see 这种常用词,多半不规则。

三、so + 形容词 + that(如此……以至于)

so + 形容词 + that + 结果,表示"程度太……以至于发生了某事"。

Grandma laughed so much that her eyes filled with tears. — 奶奶笑得太厉害了,眼里都是泪。
I was so happy that I couldn't sleep. — 我太开心了,睡不着。
The cake was so big that we couldn't finish it. — 蛋糕太大了,我们吃不完。
She talked so fast that I didn't understand. — 她说得太快,我没听懂。
💡 so + 副词 也行,不只是形容词。例如 so much(太多)、so fast(太快)。

四、each of us(我们每人)

each of + 复数代词 / 名词 = ……每一个。后面动词用单数。

She gave each of us a red envelope. — 她给我们每人一个红包。
Each of you has a job. — 你们每个人都有一份工作。
Each of the children was happy. — 每个孩子都很开心。
⚠️ each 强调"每一个"(单数),后面动词要用单数形式(has / was)。

🔑 Key Sentences 重点句解析

🔊
Mom made a big cake.
妈妈做了一个大蛋糕。
1. made = make 的过去式(不规则)。
2. 句型:主语 + 过去式动词 + 宾语。
3. 不能写成 "Mom maked"(那是错的)。
📝 即练:
填空:Yesterday Dad ___ dinner.(make 的过去式) → made (make → made。)
改错:She maked a cake. → made (make 是不规则,过去式 made。)
🔊
She gave each of us a red envelope.
她给我们每人一个红包。
1. gave = give 的过去式(不规则)。
2. 句型:give + 人 + 物 = 给某人某物。
3. each of us = 我们每人。
📝 即练:
填空:Mom ___ me a gift.(give 的过去式) → gave (give → gave。)
填空:She gave ___ ___ ___ a candy.(我们每人) → each of us (each of us 我们每人。)
🔊
I had never seen her so happy before.
我从没见她这么开心过。
1. never = 从不、从未(强烈否定)。
2. so + 形容词 = 这么……。
3. 这是更高级的句型,先理解整体意思就好。
📝 即练:
填空:I have ___ seen such a big cake.(从未) → never (never = 从未。)
翻译:她笑得这么开心。 She laughed ___ happily. → so (so + 副词 = 这么……。)

✏️ Practice 练习(共 10 大区块 · 语法专项 22+ 题)

📌 本课语法重点:不规则动词过去式(必背!)
🎯 10 大区块循序渐进:听 → 拼 → 语法变形 → 语法应用 → 语法综合 → 转 → 改 → 连 → 译 → 读

🔊 Practice 1 · 听音辨词(共 6 题)

点 🔊 听单词,根据提示写出英文:

1🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:come 的过去式)
2🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:make 的过去式)
3🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:sing 的过去式)
4🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:give 的过去式)
5🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:信封)
6🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:眼泪)

📝 Practice 2 · 单词拼写(共 6 题)

根据中文意思和首字母提示,写出完整单词:

1意思:信封 首字母:e _ _ _ _ _ _ _ →
2意思:眼泪 首字母:t _ _ _ →
3意思:生日 首字母:b _ _ _ _ _ _ _ →
4意思:卡片 首字母:c _ _ _ →
5意思:给 首字母:g _ _ _ →
6意思:唱 首字母:s _ _ _ →

⚡ Practice 3 · 语法基础:写出下列不规则动词的过去式(共 8 题)

⚠️ 这些都是不规则变化,必须背!

1🔊come → ___
→
2🔊make → ___
→
3🔊sing → ___
→
4🔊give → ___
→
5🔊go → ___
→
6🔊see → ___
→
7🔊eat → ___
→
8🔊have → ___
→

🎯 Practice 4 · 语法应用:用括号动词的过去式填空(共 8 题)

注意区分规则动词和不规则动词:

1🔊All of us to her house. (come)
2🔊We her favorite cake. (make)
3🔊Grandma with us. (sing)
4🔊I her a card. (give)
5🔊She a wonderful day. (have)
6🔊We cake together. (eat)
7🔊Mom to the store yesterday. (go)
8🔊He his friend in the park. (see)

✏️ Practice 5 · 语法综合:完成句子(共 6 题)

根据中文完成句子:

1🔊我们都来到奶奶家。All of us Grandma's house.
2🔊我们做了她最爱的蛋糕。We her .
3🔊奶奶眼里有泪水。Grandma her eyes.
4🔊我给了她一张卡片。I her .
5🔊我们一起唱歌。We .
6🔊那是美好的一天。It .

🔄 Practice 6 · 句型转换(共 5 题)

按括号要求改写句子:

1🔊All of us come to her house. (改为过去式)
→
2🔊Grandma sings happy songs. (改为过去式)
→
3🔊I give her a card every year. (改为"去年我给了她卡片")
→
4🔊We make a cake. (改为过去式)
→
5🔊She has tears in her eyes. (改为过去式)
→

🔧 Practice 7 · 改错(共 5 题)

每句有一处错误,改正后写在横线上:

1We comed to her house last Sunday. 🔊
→
2She singed a happy song. 🔊
→
3I gived her a present. 🔊
→
4Mom maked a big cake. 🔊
→
5They eated all the food. 🔊
→

🔗 Practice 8 · 连一连(共 6 对)

点击左边一个英文短语,再点击右边对应的中文。配对正确变绿色,错误会摇晃。

英文短语中文意思(已打乱)
🔊1. last Sunday ⟷ 上个星期日
🔊2. an envelope ⟷ 美好的一天
🔊3. tears in eyes ⟷ 一个信封
🔊4. favorite cake ⟷ 眼里的泪水
🔊5. a wonderful day ⟷ 最爱的蛋糕
🔊6. a happy birthday ⟷ 生日快乐

✍️ Practice 9 · 翻译练习(共 6 题)

前 3 题中译英,后 3 题英译中:

1我们都来到了她家。 🔊
→
2我给了奶奶一张卡片。 🔊
→
3奶奶眼里有泪水。 🔊
→
4🔊We made her favorite cake.
→
5🔊Grandma sang with us happily.
→
6🔊It was a wonderful day.
→

📖 Practice 10 · 阅读理解(共 4 题)

回到课文,根据课文内容用英文回答下面的问题:

1🔊Whose birthday was it last Sunday?
→
2🔊What did the family make?
→
3🔊Why did Grandma have tears in her eyes?
→
4🔊What did the speaker give Grandma?
→

🔍 词汇深度讲解 · 不规则动词过去式 · 必记表

英语里很多常用动词的过去式不按 -ed 规则——必须死记!

🔸 核心 20 个高频不规则动词:
  go → went come → came see → saw
  eat → ate drink → drank make → made
  do → did have → had get → got
  say → said tell → told give → gave
  take → took bring → brought buy → bought
  sing → sang write → wrote read → read(读 /red/)
  run → ran swim → swam fly → flew

💡 规律分组:
  i → a:sing/sang, drink/drank, swim/swam, run/ran
  i → o:write/wrote, drive/drove, ride/rode
  -ought:bring/brought, buy/bought, think/thought

📚 课文里的 came / made / sang / gave 都是不规则!多读多用就记住了。

🎂 英语文化小常识 · Birthday Cards 美式生日卡片

英美的生日非常重视 birthday cards(生日卡片)——不论年龄,从孩子到爷爷奶奶都收:

💌 典型生日卡内容:
🎈 Happy Birthday!
🌹 Wishing you a wonderful day!
💐 May all your dreams come true!
🎂 Have a fantastic year ahead!

👵 给奶奶/外婆的特别卡片:
  "Grandma, you are the sweetest person I know!"
  "Thank you for always loving me!"

🎁 美国家庭生日传统:
🎂 切蛋糕 + 吹蜡烛 + 许愿
🎤 全家合唱 "Happy Birthday to You"
📸 拍 "the candle blowing" 照片
🎁 拆礼物(每个礼物拆开都要说 "I love it! Thank you!")

💡 美国人 milestone birthdays(重要生日):
  🎓 16 岁(sweet sixteen 甜蜜十六)
  🍷 21 岁(合法饮酒年龄)
  🎊 50/60/70/80 岁会办大派对

🎯 本课小结 Summary

✅ 我掌握了不规则动词过去式(必须背!)
✅ 我掌握了规则 + 不规则动词混合使用
✅ 我掌握了so + 形容词 + that(如此……以至于)
✅ 我掌握了each of us(我们每人)

🌈 下一课预告

📘 Lesson 5 · The lost phone 丢手机记

新知识点:一般过去时的疑问句 + 特殊疑问词 + did

⬆️ 返回目录
📍 Chapter 14 · LESSON 5

Lesson 5 · 丢手机记

The lost phone
📚 一般过去时疑问句

📖 Text 课文

丢手机记
📱❓😱🔍
Lesson 5
🔊A: You looked so worried yesterday.
🔊What happened?
🔊B: I lost my phone!
🔊It was a terrible day.
🔊A: When did you lose it?
🔊Where were you?
🔊B: I had it in the library at 9.
🔊On the way home I felt my pocket — it was gone!
🔊A: Did you look for it?
🔊B: Of course!
🔊I checked the classroom, the playground, the cafeteria, and the road.
🔊A: Did you call your phone?
🔊B: Yes, but the battery was dead.
🔊No sound at all.
🔊A: So did you find it?
🔊B: Yes!
🔊It was under a chair in the library.
🔊A boy gave it back to me.
🔊A: What did you do then?
🔊B: I tied a string around it and put it on my neck.
🔊A: Hahaha!
🔊Are you serious?
🔊B: Very serious.
🔊Now I touch my pocket every five minutes — it's a habit!

📝 New Words and Expressions 单词与短语

单词音标词性·释义
worried/ˈwʌrid/adj. 担心的;着急的
happen/ˈhæpən/v. 发生
lost/lɒst/v. 丢了(过去式)
terrible/ˈterəbl/adj. 糟糕的;可怕的
pocket/ˈpɒkɪt/n. 口袋
gone/ɡɒn/adj./v. 不见了;走了
check/tʃek/v. 检查;查找
cafeteria/ˌkæfəˈtɪəriə/n. 食堂
battery/ˈbætəri/n. 电池
dead/ded/adj. 没电的;死的
sound/saʊnd/n. 声音
tied/taɪd/v. 系;绑(过去式)
string/strɪŋ/n. 绳子;细线
neck/nek/n. 脖子
serious/ˈsɪəriəs/adj. 认真的;严肃的
habit/ˈhæbɪt/n. 习惯
💡 词汇详解(点击单词或例句可朗读)
worriedadj.担心的;着急的

用法:worry(担心)+ ed

You looked worried. — 你看起来很慌。

💡 近义:anxious 焦虑的

happenv.发生

用法:过去式 happened

What happened? — 发生了什么?

💡 近义:occur 发生

lostv.丢了(过去式)

用法:lose → lost,<strong>不规则</strong>

I lost my phone. — 我把手机丢了。

💡 lose (现在) / lost (过去)

terribleadj.糟糕的;可怕的

用法:比 bad 程度更深

a terrible day — 糟糕的一天

💡 反义:great 很棒的

pocketn.口袋

用法:衣服上的小袋子

feel my pocket — 摸口袋

💡 类似:bag 包

goneadj./v.不见了;走了

用法:go 的过去分词,常做形容词

It was gone! — 它不见了!

💡 近义:missing 不见的

checkv.检查;查找

用法:过去式 checked

I checked the classroom. — 我查了教室。

💡 近义:look at 查看

cafeterian.食堂

用法:学校或公司的吃饭地方

school cafeteria — 学校食堂

💡 类似:canteen 食堂

batteryn.电池

用法:battery dead = 没电了

The battery was dead. — 电池没电了。

💡 类似:power 电力

deadadj.没电的;死的

用法:battery dead = 电池没电(口语)

My phone is dead. — 我手机没电了。

💡 反义:alive 活的

soundn.声音

用法:no sound at all = 一点声都没

No sound at all. — 一点声都没有。

💡 类似:noise 噪音

tiedv.系;绑(过去式)

用法:tie + d → tied(e 结尾加 d)

I tied a string. — 我系了根绳子。

💡 原形:tie

stringn.绳子;细线

用法:细的绳子

a piece of string — 一根绳子

💡 类似:rope 粗绳

neckn.脖子

用法:身体部位

put on my neck — 挂在脖子上

💡 类似:head 头

seriousadj.认真的;严肃的

用法:Are you serious? = 你认真的?

Very serious. — 非常认真。

💡 反义:joking 开玩笑的

habitn.习惯

用法:经常做的事就成习惯

It's a habit. — 成习惯了。

💡 类似:routine 例行

📝 Phrases 重点短语

这些是本课必须掌握的短语和表达,点击听发音,反复跟读:

🔊 look worried
看起来担心
🔊 What happened?
发生了什么?
🔊 lose one's phone
丢手机
🔊 a terrible day
糟糕的一天
🔊 in my pocket
在口袋里
🔊 check everywhere
到处找
🔊 be gone
不见了

🇨🇳 参考译文

A:你昨天看起来好慌。怎么了?

B:我手机丢了!真是糟糕的一天。

A:你什么时候丢的?你在哪儿?

B:早上 9 点我在图书馆还有手机。回家的路上我摸口袋——没了!

A:你找了吗?

B:当然!我找了教室、操场、食堂,还有路上。

A:你给自己打电话了吗?

B:打了,但没电了。一点声音都没有。

A:那你找到了吗?

B:找到了!在图书馆一把椅子下面。一个男孩还给我了。

A:你后来做了什么?

B:我用绳子把它绑起来,挂在脖子上。

A:哈哈哈!你认真的吗?

B:非常认真。现在我每 5 分钟就摸一次口袋——成习惯了!

📚 Note 语法讲解

🎯 核心句型:过去时疑问句
Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + ?
📐 句型拆解
▸ 一般疑问 Did you lose it?
▸ 特殊疑问 What did you do?
▸ 否定句 I didn't see it.
💡 例句(点击发音)
🔊 Did you lose your phone? 你丢了手机吗?
🔊 Where did you go? 你去哪儿了?
⚠️ 用了 did,动词必须变回原形!不能说 "Did you saw",要说 "Did you see"。

一、一般过去时的疑问句

想问"过去发生了什么"?把句子变成疑问句。规则跟现在时一样,但 do/does 变成 did,be 动词变成 was/were。

1. 一般动词的疑问句:Did + 主语 + 动词原形?

Did you look for it? — 你找了吗?
Did you find it? — 你找到了吗?
Did she call you yesterday? — 她昨天给你打电话了吗?
⚠️ 用了 did,后面动词必须用原形!不能说 "Did you found it?",要说 "Did you find it?"

2. be 动词的疑问句:Was/Were + 主语 + ……?

Were you at the library? — 你(那时)在图书馆吗?
Was the phone in your pocket? — 手机(那时)在你口袋里吗?
Were they happy? — 他们(那时)开心吗?

3. 回答方式

Did you look for it? → Yes, I did. / No, I didn't.  一般动词疑问
Was the battery dead? → Yes, it was. / No, it wasn't.  be 动词疑问
Were you worried? → Yes, I was. / No, I wasn't.  be 动词疑问

二、特殊疑问词 + did

想问"什么 / 哪里 / 什么时候 / 怎么 / 为什么"?把疑问词放在 did 前面。

结构:疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形?

What did you do then? — 你后来做了什么?
Where did you lose it? — 你在哪丢的?
When did you find it? — 你什么时候找到的?
How did you feel? — 你感觉怎么样?
Why did you cry? — 你为什么哭?

常用疑问词:

What → 什么  What did you do?
Where → 哪里  Where did you go?
When → 什么时候  When did it happen?
Why → 为什么  Why did you cry?
How → 怎么  How did you find it?
Who → 谁  Who did you see?
💡 对 be 动词提问,疑问词 + was/were + 主语:Where were you? / What was it?

三、否定句 didn't

一般动词的过去式否定句:主语 + didn't + 动词原形。

I didn't find my phone at first. — 我一开始没找到手机。
She didn't call me yesterday. — 她昨天没给我打电话。
We didn't go to school last Sunday. — 我们上周日没去上学。
⚠️ didn't 后面动词用原形!不能说 "I didn't found it",要说 "I didn't find it"。

be 动词的否定:was/were + not(缩写 wasn't / weren't)

I wasn't at home. — 我(那时)不在家。
They weren't happy. — 他们(那时)不开心。

🔑 Key Sentences 重点句解析

🔊
When did you lose it?
你什么时候丢的?
1. 句型:When + did + 主语 + 动词原形?
2. When 问"什么时候"。
3. lose 用原形(不是 lost),因为前面有 did。
📝 即练:
改错:When did you lost it? → lose (did 后面动词用原形。)
填空:___ did you go yesterday?(你昨天去哪了) → Where (Where = 在哪。)
🔊
Did you call your phone?
你给自己打电话了吗?
1. 句型:Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + ?
2. 回答:Yes, I did. / No, I didn't.
3. call sb. = 给某人打电话。
📝 即练:
填空:___ you find it? → Did (一般动词过去时疑问用 Did。)
回答:Did you find it? — Yes, I ___ → did (肯定回答 Yes, I did.)
🔊
I didn't find it at first.
我一开始没找到。
1. didn't = did not,过去式否定。
2. find 用原形(不是 found)。
3. at first = 起初、一开始。
📝 即练:
填空:She ___ come to the party.(didn't / 没来) → didn't (过去否定用 didn't。)
改错:I didn't found my phone. → find (didn't 后用原形。)

✏️ Practice 练习(共 10 大区块 · 语法专项 22+ 题)

📌 本课语法重点:过去时疑问句(Did + 主语 + 动词原形)
🎯 10 大区块循序渐进:听 → 拼 → 语法变形 → 语法应用 → 语法综合 → 转 → 改 → 连 → 译 → 读

🔊 Practice 1 · 听音辨词(共 6 题)

点 🔊 听单词,根据提示写出英文:

1🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:担心的)
2🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:发生)
3🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:lose 的过去式)
4🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:糟糕的)
5🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:口袋)
6🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:检查)

📝 Practice 2 · 单词拼写(共 6 题)

根据中文意思和首字母提示,写出完整单词:

1意思:担心的 首字母:w _ _ _ _ _ _ →
2意思:丢失 首字母:l _ _ _ →
3意思:糟糕的 首字母:t _ _ _ _ _ _ _ →
4意思:口袋 首字母:p _ _ _ _ _ →
5意思:检查 首字母:c _ _ _ _ →
6意思:发生 首字母:h _ _ _ _ _ →

⚡ Practice 3 · 语法基础:改为一般疑问句(用 Did 开头)(共 6 题)

⚠️ 注意:用了 did 后,动词必须变回原形!

1🔊You lost your phone.
→
2🔊She went home.
→
3🔊They saw the dog.
→
4🔊He made a cake.
→
5🔊We ate dinner.
→
6🔊Mom cooked soup.
→

🎯 Practice 4 · 语法应用:用 What / Where / When / Who / How 填空(共 8 题)

根据答语填上合适的疑问词:

1🔊 did you lose? — My phone.
2🔊 did you lose it? — Yesterday.
3🔊 did you go? — To the cafeteria.
4🔊 helped you find it? — My friend.
5🔊 did you find it? — Under the desk.
6🔊 did you feel? — Very worried.
7🔊 did you do then? — I checked my pocket.
8🔊 time did it happen? — In the morning.

✏️ Practice 5 · 语法综合:完成句子(共 6 题)

根据中文完成英文(注意疑问句结构):

1🔊发生了什么? ?
2🔊你丢了手机吗? you your phone?
3🔊你昨天去哪了? you yesterday?
4🔊什么时候丢的? you it?
5🔊我没找到。I it.
6🔊它在我口袋里。It .

🔄 Practice 6 · 句型转换(共 5 题)

按括号要求改写句子:

1🔊You lost your phone. (改为一般疑问句)
→
2🔊She found the key. (改为一般疑问句)
→
3🔊They came home late. (改为"什么时候"疑问句)
→
4🔊He went to the cafeteria. (改为"去哪里"疑问句)
→
5🔊I lost my phone. (改为否定句)
→

🔧 Practice 7 · 改错(共 5 题)

每句有一处错误,改正后写在横线上:

1Did you lost your phone? 🔊
→
2Where did she found the key? 🔊
→
3Do you saw my phone yesterday? 🔊
→
4When did they came home? 🔊
→
5Did he went to school? 🔊
→

🔗 Practice 8 · 连一连(共 6 对)

点击左边一个英文短语,再点击右边对应的中文。配对正确变绿色,错误会摇晃。

英文短语中文意思(已打乱)
🔊1. What happened? ⟷ 在我口袋里
🔊2. a terrible day ⟷ 餐厅
🔊3. in my pocket ⟷ 担心……
🔊4. the cafeteria ⟷ 到处找
🔊5. worried about ⟷ 糟糕的一天
🔊6. looked everywhere ⟷ 发生了什么?

✍️ Practice 9 · 翻译练习(共 6 题)

前 3 题中译英,后 3 题英译中:

1发生了什么事? 🔊
→
2你昨天去哪里了? 🔊
→
3我把手机丢在餐厅了。 🔊
→
4🔊You looked so worried yesterday.
→
5🔊I checked my pocket but it was gone.
→
6🔊Did you find it?
→

📖 Practice 10 · 阅读理解(共 4 题)

回到课文,根据课文内容用英文回答下面的问题:

1🔊Why did B look worried?
→
2🔊Where did B last have the phone?
→
3🔊When did B lose the phone?
→
4🔊Was it a good day for B?
→

🔍 词汇深度讲解 · 一般过去时的疑问句构造

过去式的疑问句要用 did(do 的过去式):

📐 构造:
  Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + ...?
  注意:用了 did,动词必须变回原形!

✅ 例子:
  Did you see my phone?(你看见我手机了吗?)
  ❌ Did you saw... ✅ Did you see...
  Did she go home?(她回家了吗?)
  What did you do?(你做了什么?)

🔄 回答:
  肯定:Yes, I/he/she/we/they did.
  否定:No, I/he/she/we/they didn't.

⚠️ 例外:be 动词(was/were)疑问句不用 did!
  ✅ Were you tired? ❌ Did you be tired?
  ✅ Was she happy? ❌ Did she be happy?

📱 英语文化小常识 · Lost & Found 失物招领文化

丢手机是现代生活最常见的"灾难"!英美社会有完善的 Lost and Found(失物招领)文化:

🏫 学校 Lost and Found:
每个学校都有一个 lost-and-found box(失物招领盒)—— 学生丢的衣服、钥匙、书都放这里,定期"Lost and Found Day"让大家来找。

📱 丢手机的对应技巧:
🔍 "Find My iPhone"(找回我的 iPhone)—— 苹果手机自带定位
📞 让朋友给你拨电话听铃声
🚇 在公共交通工具:上报 transit authority
🍕 餐厅:retrace your steps(回到吃过的地方)

📜 美式日常用语:
  "I lost my phone!" 我丢了手机
  "I can't find my keys anywhere!" 钥匙到处都找不到
  "Have you seen my..." 你见过我的...吗?
  "Where did you have it last?" 你最后在哪用它的?

💡 名言:"Everything is always in the last place you look."
  (东西总是在你找的最后一个地方。)

🎯 本课小结 Summary

✅ 我掌握了一般过去时的疑问句
✅ 我掌握了特殊疑问词 + did
✅ 我掌握了否定句 didn't

🌈 下一课预告

📘 Lesson 6 · Ben learned to ride 本学骑自行车

新知识点:过去式否定句(didn't) + 反身代词

⬆️ 返回目录
📍 Chapter 14 · LESSON 6

Lesson 6 · 本学骑自行车

Ben learned to ride
📚 过去式否定句 · 反身代词

📖 Text 课文

本学骑自行车
🚴🛞💪🏞️
Lesson 6
🔊Last Sunday, Ben went to the park alone.
🔊He wanted to learn to ride a bike by himself.
🔊Dad asked, "Do you need help?"
🔊Ben said, "No, I want to do it myself."
🔊At the park, Ben fell many times.
🔊His knee was hurt.
🔊His hands were dirty.
🔊But he didn't cry.
🔊He didn't give up.
🔊He talked to himself, "I can do it.
🔊One more time."
🔊After two hours, Ben finally rode the bike!
🔊He rode all the way home, with the wind in his hair.
🔊Mom couldn't believe her eyes. "Did you do this all by yourself?"
🔊Ben smiled and nodded.
🔊He was very proud of himself.

📝 New Words and Expressions 单词与短语

单词音标词性·释义
alone/əˈləʊn/adv./adj. 独自;一个人
by oneself/baɪ wʌnˈself/phrase 独自;靠自己
myself/maɪˈself/pron. 我自己
himself/hɪmˈself/pron. 他自己
fell/fel/v. 摔倒(过去式)
knee/niː/n. 膝盖
hurt/hɜːt/v./adj. 受伤(过去式同形)
dirty/ˈdɜːti/adj. 脏的
give up/ɡɪv ʌp/phrase 放弃
finally/ˈfaɪnəli/adv. 终于;最后
rode/rəʊd/v. 骑(过去式)
wind/wɪnd/n. 风
believe/bɪˈliːv/v. 相信
nodded/ˈnɒdɪd/v. 点头(过去式)
proud/praʊd/adj. 骄傲的;自豪的
💡 词汇详解(点击单词或例句可朗读)
aloneadv./adj.独自;一个人

用法:一个人,没别人陪

go alone — 一个人去

💡 近义:by oneself 独自

by oneselfphrase独自;靠自己

用法:by myself / by yourself / by himself ……

by himself 他自己 — 不需要别人帮助

💡 近义:alone 独自

myselfpron.我自己

用法:I 的反身代词

I want to do it myself. — 我想自己做。

💡 类似:yourself 你自己

himselfpron.他自己

用法:he 的反身代词

He talked to himself. — 他自言自语。

💡 类似:herself 她自己

fellv.摔倒(过去式)

用法:fall → fell,<strong>不规则</strong>

Ben fell many times. — 本摔了很多次。

💡 fall (现在) / fell (过去)

kneen.膝盖

用法:k 不发音

My knee is hurt. — 我膝盖破了。

💡 类似:elbow 手肘

hurtv./adj.受伤(过去式同形)

用法:原形和过去式都是 hurt

His knee was hurt. — 他膝盖破了。

💡 近义:injured 受伤的

dirtyadj.脏的

用法:反义词 clean(干净)

dirty hands — 脏的手

💡 反义:clean 干净的

give upphrase放弃

用法:过去式 gave up

He didn't give up. — 他没放弃。

💡 反义:keep on 坚持

finallyadv.终于;最后

用法:final(最后)+ ly

He finally rode the bike. — 他终于骑起来了。

💡 近义:at last 终于

rodev.骑(过去式)

用法:ride → rode,<strong>不规则</strong>

He rode home. — 他骑车回家。

💡 ride (现在) / rode (过去)

windn.风

用法:空气流动

wind in his hair — 风吹在头发里

💡 类似:breeze 微风

believev.相信

用法:过去式 believed

She couldn't believe her eyes. — 她不敢相信自己的眼睛。

💡 反义:doubt 怀疑

noddedv.点头(过去式)

用法:nod 双写 d 加 ed → nodded

He nodded. — 他点点头。

💡 反义:shook his head 摇头

proudadj.骄傲的;自豪的

用法:搭配 be proud of

proud of himself — 为自己骄傲

💡 近义:glad 开心的

📝 Phrases 重点短语

这些是本课必须掌握的短语和表达,点击听发音,反复跟读:

🔊 go to the park alone
独自去公园
🔊 learn to ride a bike
学骑自行车
🔊 by oneself / by himself
自己/独自
🔊 need help
需要帮助
🔊 fall many times
摔了很多次
🔊 try again and again
一次次尝试
🔊 not give up
不放弃
🔊 finally
最终

🇨🇳 参考译文

上周日,本一个人去了公园。

他想自己学骑自行车。

爸爸问:"要帮忙吗?"

本说:"不用,我想自己来。"

到了公园,本摔了很多次。

他膝盖破了。他的手脏了。

但他没哭。他没放弃。

他对自己说:"我能行。再来一次。"

两个小时后,本终于骑起来了!

他一路骑回了家,风吹在他头发里。

妈妈不敢相信自己的眼睛。"这都是你自己做到的?"

本笑着点点头。他为自己感到非常骄傲。

📚 Note 语法讲解

🎯 核心句型:过去式否定 + 反身代词
主语 + didn't + 动词原形 / 主语 + 动词 + 反身代词
📐 句型拆解
▸ didn't + 原形 I didn't cry.
▸ 单数反身 myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself
▸ 复数反身 ourselves, yourselves, themselves
💡 例句(点击发音)
🔊 I taught myself to ride a bike. 我自学骑车。
🔊 Ben didn't cry when he fell. 本摔倒了也没哭。
💡 by + 反身代词 = "独自"。"I did it by myself" = 我独自做的。

一、过去式否定句(didn't)

一般动词的过去式否定,用 didn't + 动词原形。

句型:主语 + didn't + 动词原形 + 其他

He didn't cry. — 他没哭。
He didn't give up. — 他没放弃。
I didn't see you yesterday. — 我昨天没看见你。
They didn't come to the party. — 他们没来参加聚会。
⚠️ didn't 后必须用动词原形。不能说 "He didn't cried",要说 "He didn't cry"。

对比:现在否定 vs 过去否定

He doesn't cry. → He didn't cry.  现在否定 / 过去否定
They don't come. → They didn't come.  现在否定 / 过去否定

be 动词的过去否定:wasn't / weren't

He wasn't scared. — 他(那时)不害怕。
They weren't at home. — 他们(那时)不在家。

二、反身代词

"自己"用反身代词。每个人称代词都有自己的反身代词。

反身代词表(必背):

I(我) → myself  我自己
you(你) → yourself  你自己
he(他) → himself  他自己
she(她) → herself  她自己
it(它) → itself  它自己
we(我们) → ourselves  我们自己(注意是 -selves)
you(你们) → yourselves  你们自己
they(他们) → themselves  他们自己
💡 规律:单数 -self(自己一个人),复数 -selves(多个自己)。

课文里的反身代词:

I want to do it myself. — 我想自己做。
He talked to himself. — 他对自己说(自言自语)。
He was proud of himself. — 他为自己骄傲。

三、反身代词的常用搭配

反身代词常和动词、介词搭配,组成固定短语。

by oneself → 独自;靠自己  by myself / by himself
do sth. oneself → 自己做某事  I want to do it myself.
talk to oneself → 自言自语  He talked to himself.
be proud of oneself → 为自己骄傲  She was proud of herself.
enjoy oneself → 玩得开心  We enjoyed ourselves.
help oneself → 自取(食物等)  Help yourself!
Did you do this all by yourself? — 这都是你自己做的吗?
I learned English by myself. — 我自学的英语。
They enjoyed themselves at the party. — 他们在聚会上玩得很开心。

🔑 Key Sentences 重点句解析

🔊
I want to do it myself.
我想自己做。
1. 句型:do sth. + 反身代词 = 自己做某事。
2. myself 是 I 的反身代词。
3. 这里 myself 强调"自己"(不要别人帮)。
📝 即练:
填空:She wants to do it ___.(她自己) → herself (she → herself。)
改错:I made it my. → myself ("自己"用 myself,不是 my。)
🔊
He didn't cry. He didn't give up.
他没哭。他没放弃。
1. didn't = did not,过去式否定。
2. cry / give up 都用原形。
3. 两句平行,强调坚强。
📝 即练:
改错:He didn't cried. → cry (didn't 后用原形。)
填空:They ___ go to school yesterday.(didn't) → didn't (过去否定 didn't。)
🔊
He was very proud of himself.
他为自己感到非常骄傲。
1. be proud of + 反身代词 = 为自己骄傲。
2. himself 是 he 的反身代词。
3. of 不能省。
📝 即练:
填空:She was proud ___ herself. → of (be proud of,of 不能省。)
填空:They were proud of ___.(他们自己) → themselves (they → themselves。)

✏️ Practice 练习(共 10 大区块 · 语法专项 22+ 题)

📌 本课语法重点:过去式否定句(didn't + 动词原形)+ 反身代词
🎯 10 大区块循序渐进:听 → 拼 → 语法变形 → 语法应用 → 语法综合 → 转 → 改 → 连 → 译 → 读

🔊 Practice 1 · 听音辨词(共 6 题)

点 🔊 听单词,根据提示写出英文:

1🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:独自)
2🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:我自己)
3🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:他自己)
4🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:fall 的过去式)
5🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:膝盖)
6🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:疼/受伤)

📝 Practice 2 · 单词拼写(共 6 题)

根据中文意思和首字母提示,写出完整单词:

1意思:独自 首字母:a _ _ _ _ →
2意思:膝盖 首字母:k _ _ _ →
3意思:疼痛 首字母:h _ _ _ →
4意思:脏的 首字母:d _ _ _ _ →
5意思:摔倒 首字母:f _ _ _ →
6意思:自行车 首字母:b _ _ _ →

⚡ Practice 3 · 语法基础:写出对应的反身代词(共 8 题)

反身代词以 -self / -selves 结尾,表示"自己"

1🔊I → ___
→
2🔊you(你)→ ___
→
3🔊he → ___
→
4🔊she → ___
→
5🔊it → ___
→
6🔊we → ___
→
7🔊you(你们)→ ___
→
8🔊they → ___
→

🎯 Practice 4 · 语法应用:用合适的反身代词填空(共 8 题)

用 myself / yourself / himself 等填空:

1🔊I want to do it .
2🔊Ben learned to ride a bike by .
3🔊She made the cake .
4🔊We finished the work .
5🔊They built the tree house .
6🔊You can do it (单数).
7🔊The cat washed .
8🔊You children can play by (复数).

✏️ Practice 5 · 语法综合:完成否定句和反身代词句(共 6 题)

根据中文完成句子:

1🔊我自己做了。I did it .
2🔊我没摔倒。I off the bike.
3🔊他没需要帮助。He help.
4🔊他们自己建了树屋。They built the tree house .
5🔊她没有哭。She .
6🔊独自地。By .

🔄 Practice 6 · 句型转换(共 5 题)

按括号要求改写句子:

1🔊Ben fell off the bike. (改为否定句)
→
2🔊He needs help. (改为"他不需要帮助"过去式)
→
3🔊I rode the bike. (改为否定句)
→
4🔊She did it. She did it alone. (用反身代词合并)
→
5🔊They learned English. They had no teacher. (用反身代词)
→

🔧 Practice 7 · 改错(共 5 题)

每句有一处错误,改正后写在横线上:

1Ben fell off the bike, but he didn't cried. 🔊
→
2I want to do it by mineself. 🔊
→
3She made the cake by sheself. 🔊
→
4We didn't went there. 🔊
→
5He doesn't learned the lesson. 🔊
→

🔗 Practice 8 · 连一连(共 6 对)

点击左边一个英文短语,再点击右边对应的中文。配对正确变绿色,错误会摇晃。

英文短语中文意思(已打乱)
🔊1. by oneself ⟷ 摔倒了
🔊2. fell down ⟷ 最终
🔊3. hurt my knee ⟷ 学会了骑
🔊4. learned to ride ⟷ 弄伤膝盖
🔊5. many times ⟷ 独自地
🔊6. finally ⟷ 很多次

✍️ Practice 9 · 翻译练习(共 6 题)

前 3 题中译英,后 3 题英译中:

1我想自己做。 🔊
→
2本摔倒了很多次。 🔊
→
3他不需要爸爸的帮助。 🔊
→
4🔊Ben wanted to learn by himself.
→
5🔊He hurt his knee but kept trying.
→
6🔊Finally, he could ride the bike.
→

📖 Practice 10 · 阅读理解(共 4 题)

回到课文,根据课文内容用英文回答下面的问题:

1🔊Where did Ben go last Sunday?
→
2🔊Did Ben want help from his dad?
→
3🔊What happened to Ben at the park?
→
4🔊Did Ben succeed?
→

🔍 词汇深度讲解 · 反身代词 + 否定句要点

反身代词表示"自己/我自己/他自己"——以 -self / -selves 结尾:

🔸 单数 5 个:
  I → myself you → yourself he → himself
  she → herself it → itself
🔸 复数 3 个:
  we → ourselves you → yourselves they → themselves

✅ 常用结构:
  I taught myself to ride a bike.(我自学骑车。)
  He cut himself.(他切到自己了。)
  Make yourself at home.(别客气。)
  by + 反身代词 = 独自
  I did it by myself.(我独自完成。)

🚫 过去式否定句:didn't + 动词原形
  I didn't fall off.(我没摔倒。— 动词回原形!)
  ❌ I didn't fell off. ✅ I didn't fall off.

🚴 英语文化小常识 · Learning to Ride a Bike 骑车文化

在美国/英国,学骑自行车是孩子人生的里程碑——和"学游泳"一样重要!

🚲 典型学习过程:
1️⃣ 3-5 岁:balance bike(平衡车,无脚踏)
2️⃣ 5-7 岁:training wheels(辅助轮)
3️⃣ 7-9 岁:去掉辅助轮,正式骑两轮车 ✨

👨‍👦 "那一天"的爱:
美国家庭的经典画面 —— 爸爸/妈妈跑在自行车旁边,扶着孩子。慢慢松手,孩子骑出去几米才发现"I'm doing it by myself!"(我自己骑上了!)

📜 骑车安全教育:
🪖 永远戴 helmet(头盔)
👀 看 traffic(交通)
👋 转弯前 hand signals(用手势)

💡 美国电影里超经典的镜头:孩子第一次独自骑车 → 父母在背后骄傲地看着。《E.T.》《Stranger Things》 都有!

🎯 本课小结 Summary

✅ 我掌握了过去式否定句(didn't)
✅ 我掌握了反身代词
✅ 我掌握了反身代词的常用搭配

🌈 下一课预告

📘 Lesson 7 · Where did the snow go? 雪去哪儿了?

新知识点:特殊疑问词复习 + 过去时综合(规则 + 不规则)

⬆️ 返回目录
📍 Chapter 14 · LESSON 7

Lesson 7 · 雪去哪儿了?

Where did the snow go?
📚 过去时综合 · 科普问答

📖 Text 课文

雪去哪儿了?
❄️☀️💧⛄
Lesson 7
🔊Little Brother: This morning the snowman was gone!
🔊Where did the snow go?
🔊Big Brother: The sun came out, and the snow turned into water.
🔊Little Brother: Then where did the water go?
🔊Big Brother: Some went into the soil.
🔊Some flowed into the river.
🔊Little Brother: And then?
🔊Big Brother: The sun made the water into "invisible water."
🔊It went up into the sky and became clouds.
🔊Little Brother: What happens to the clouds?
🔊Big Brother: When it gets cold, the clouds turn into snow again.
🔊Little Brother: So the same snow comes back?
🔊Big Brother: Yes!
🔊Water on Earth never disappears.
🔊It just changes its shape.
🔊Little Brother: Then... is last year's snowman coming back to find me?
🔊Big Brother (laughing): You can say so.

📝 New Words and Expressions 单词与短语

单词音标词性·释义
snow/snəʊ/n./v. 雪;下雪
snowman/ˈsnəʊmæn/n. 雪人
turn into/tɜːn ˈɪntə/phrase 变成
soil/sɔɪl/n. 土壤;泥土
flowed/fləʊd/v. 流(过去式)
river/ˈrɪvə/n. 河;河流
invisible/ɪnˈvɪzəbl/adj. 看不见的
sky/skaɪ/n. 天空
became/bɪˈkeɪm/v. 变成(过去式)
cloud/klaʊd/n. 云
happen/ˈhæpən/v. 发生
Earth/ɜːθ/n. 地球
disappear/ˌdɪsəˈpɪə/v. 消失
shape/ʃeɪp/n. 形状;样子
💡 词汇详解(点击单词或例句可朗读)
snown./v.雪;下雪

用法:snowman 雪人 = snow + man

It is snowing. — 在下雪。

💡 动词:snowed

snowmann.雪人

用法:snow + man

build a snowman — 堆雪人

💡 复数:snowmen

turn intophrase变成

用法:过去式 turned into

snow turned into water — 雪变成了水

💡 近义:become 变成

soiln.土壤;泥土

用法:种花的土

into the soil — 进土里

💡 近义:earth 土

flowedv.流(过去式)

用法:flow + ed → flowed

flowed into the river — 流进河里

💡 原形:flow

rivern.河;河流

用法:比小溪 stream 大

into the river — 进河里

💡 类似:stream 小溪

invisibleadj.看不见的

用法:in(不)+ visible(可见的)

invisible water — 看不见的水(水蒸气)

💡 反义:visible 可见的

skyn.天空

用法:抬头看到的地方

into the sky — 到天上

💡 类似:cloud 云

becamev.变成(过去式)

用法:become → became,<strong>不规则</strong>

became clouds — 变成了云

💡 become (现在) / became (过去)

cloudn.云

用法:天上的白色或灰色团

became clouds — 变成云

💡 复数:clouds

happenv.发生

用法:What happens? = 会怎样?

What happens to the clouds? — 云会怎样?

💡 近义:occur

Earthn.地球

用法:我们生活的星球(首字母大写)

water on Earth — 地球上的水

💡 类似:world 世界

disappearv.消失

用法:dis(不)+ appear(出现)

never disappears — 从不消失

💡 反义:appear 出现

shapen.形状;样子

用法:change shape = 换样子

changes its shape — 换了样子

💡 类似:form 形式

📝 Phrases 重点短语

这些是本课必须掌握的短语和表达,点击听发音,反复跟读:

🔊 the snowman was gone
雪人不见了
🔊 come out (太阳)
出来
🔊 turn into water
变成水
🔊 go into the soil
渗入土壤
🔊 flow into the river
流入河里
🔊 water vapor
水蒸气
🔊 the water cycle
水循环

🇨🇳 参考译文

弟弟:今天早上雪人不见了!雪去哪儿了?

哥哥:太阳出来了,雪变成了水。

弟弟:那水又去哪儿了?

哥哥:一部分进了土里。一部分流进了河里。

弟弟:然后呢?

哥哥:太阳把水变成了"看不见的水"。

它升到天空,变成了云。

弟弟:云会怎么样?

哥哥:天冷了,云就变成雪,再下下来。

弟弟:所以同一片雪还会回来?

哥哥:对!地球上的水从不消失,只是换了样子。

弟弟:那……去年的雪人是不是回来找我了?

哥哥(笑):可以这么说。

📚 Note 语法讲解

🎯 核心句型:过去时综合(陈述+疑问+否定)
陈述句 ⟷ Did 疑问 ⟷ didn't 否定
📐 句型拆解
▸ 陈述(肯定) The sun came out.
▸ 一般疑问 Did the sun come out?
▸ 否定句 The sun didn't come out.
💡 例句(点击发音)
🔊 Where did the snow go? 雪去哪儿了?
🔊 The water flowed to the river. 水流向了河里。
🔄 一句话能变三种:陈述 / 疑问 / 否定,灵活运用一般过去时。

一、特殊疑问词复习

过去时的特殊疑问句结构:疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形?

课文里出现的疑问句:

Where did the snow go? — 雪去哪儿了?
Where did the water go? — 水去哪儿了?
What happens to the clouds? — 云会怎么样?

常用疑问词:

What → 什么  What did you do?
Where → 哪里  Where did you go?
When → 什么时候  When did it happen?
How → 怎么样  How did you do it?
Why → 为什么  Why did you cry?
Who → 谁  Who did you see?
⚠️ 特殊疑问句也是 did + 原形,不能写成 "Where did the snow went?"

二、过去时综合(规则 + 不规则)

一段话里规则动词和不规则动词常常一起用。看到时间词(last/yesterday/then),就要用过去时。

课文里的过去式动词:

come(来) → came  不规则
turn into(变成) → turned into  规则
go(去) → went  不规则
flow(流) → flowed  规则
make(做) → made  不规则
become(变成) → became  不规则
The sun came out, and the snow turned into water. — 太阳出来了,雪变成了水。
It went up into the sky and became clouds. — 它升到天空,变成了云。
💡 看到 came / went / made / became 这些"短而不像 -ed"的过去式,多半是不规则动词,要单独记。

三、现在时与过去时混合(科普讲解里很常见)

讲事实道理用现在时;讲具体过去用过去时。

事实道理 → 现在时

Water on Earth never disappears. — 地球上的水从不消失。(永恒事实)
When it gets cold, the clouds turn into snow. — 天冷了,云会变成雪。(一般规律)
The sun makes water invisible. — 太阳让水看不见。(自然规律)

具体过去事件 → 过去时

This morning the snowman was gone. — 今天早上雪人不见了。
The sun came out, and the snow turned into water. — 太阳出来了,雪变成了水。
💡 一句话里也可能过去和现在混用:先讲事件(过去),再讲原因/规律(现在)。

🔑 Key Sentences 重点句解析

🔊
Where did the snow go?
雪去哪儿了?
1. 句型:Where + did + 主语 + 动词原形?
2. Where 问"哪里"。
3. go 用原形,不能写成 went。
📝 即练:
改错:Where did the snow went? → go (did 后用原形。)
填空:Where ___ you go yesterday? → did (过去式特殊疑问用 did。)
🔊
The snow turned into water.
雪变成了水。
1. 句型:主语 + turned into + 名词。
2. turn into = 变成。
3. turned = turn + ed(规则动词)。
📝 即练:
填空:The water ___ ___ ice.(变成) → turned into (turn into 变成 → 过去式 turned into。)
填空:The clouds ___ ___ snow again.(变成) → turned into (turned into snow。)
🔊
Water on Earth never disappears.
地球上的水从不消失。
1. 这是永恒事实,所以用现在时(不是过去时)。
2. never = 从不。
3. water 不可数,配单数动词 disappears。
📝 即练:
填空:The sun ___ comes back every morning.(事实,always 还是 sometimes?) → always (太阳每天升起是事实,用 always。)
改错:Water on Earth never disappear. → disappears (water 不可数 → 单数动词 disappears。)

✏️ Practice 练习(共 10 大区块 · 语法专项 22+ 题)

📌 本课语法重点:一般过去时全面复习(陈述/疑问/否定)
🎯 10 大区块循序渐进:听 → 拼 → 语法变形 → 语法应用 → 语法综合 → 转 → 改 → 连 → 译 → 读

🔊 Practice 1 · 听音辨词(共 6 题)

点 🔊 听单词,根据提示写出英文:

1🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:雪)
2🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:雪人)
3🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:土壤)
4🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:flow 的过去式)
5🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:看不见的)
6🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:天空)

📝 Practice 2 · 单词拼写(共 6 题)

根据中文意思和首字母提示,写出完整单词:

1意思:雪 首字母:s _ _ _ →
2意思:雪人 首字母:s _ _ _ _ _ _ →
3意思:土壤 首字母:s _ _ _ →
4意思:河流 首字母:r _ _ _ _ →
5意思:天空 首字母:s _ _ →
6意思:看不见的 首字母:i _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ →

⚡ Practice 3 · 语法基础:一句话变三种:陈述、否定、疑问(共 8 题)

把陈述句改写为否定句和一般疑问句:

1🔊The sun came out. (否定)
→
2🔊The sun came out. (疑问)
→
3🔊The snow melted. (否定)
→
4🔊The water went into the soil. (疑问)
→
5🔊Plants used the water. (否定)
→
6🔊The snowman was gone. (疑问)
→
7🔊It was cold yesterday. (否定)
→
8🔊The water flowed to the river. (疑问)
→

🎯 Practice 4 · 语法应用:用括号词的正确形式填空(共 8 题)

注意时态(一般现在时 vs 一般过去时):

1🔊Yesterday the snowman here. (be)
2🔊Now it gone. (be)
3🔊The sun out this morning. (come)
4🔊The snow into water. (turn)
5🔊Some water into the soil. (go)
6🔊Plants the water every day. (use)
7🔊Last winter, it a lot. (snow)
8🔊Today, it sunny. (be)

✏️ Practice 5 · 语法综合:完成句子(共 6 题)

根据中文完成英文:

1🔊雪去哪儿了? did the ?
2🔊太阳出来了。The sun .
3🔊雪变成了水。The snow .
4🔊水流进了河里。Water river.
5🔊它变成了水蒸气。It invisible .
6🔊植物使用了水。Plants .

🔄 Practice 6 · 句型转换(共 5 题)

按括号要求改写句子:

1🔊The snow turns into water. (改为过去式)
→
2🔊The water goes into the river. (改为过去式)
→
3🔊Plants use the water. (改为过去式)
→
4🔊Where does the snow go? (改为过去式)
→
5🔊The snowman is gone. (改为"雪人去哪了?")
→

🔧 Practice 7 · 改错(共 5 题)

每句有一处错误,改正后写在横线上:

1The sun came out and the snow turn into water. 🔊
→
2Where the snow go? 🔊
→
3Some water went in the soil. 🔊
→
4The water flow into the river. 🔊
→
5It become invisible water vapor. 🔊
→

🔗 Practice 8 · 连一连(共 6 对)

点击左边一个英文短语,再点击右边对应的中文。配对正确变绿色,错误会摇晃。

英文短语中文意思(已打乱)
🔊1. turn into ⟷ 水蒸气
🔊2. go into the soil ⟷ 水循环
🔊3. flow to the river ⟷ 出来(太阳)
🔊4. water vapor ⟷ 变成
🔊5. come out ⟷ 进入土壤
🔊6. the water cycle ⟷ 流向河流

✍️ Practice 9 · 翻译练习(共 6 题)

前 3 题中译英,后 3 题英译中:

1雪变成了水。 🔊
→
2水流到了河里。 🔊
→
3太阳出来了。 🔊
→
4🔊Some water went into the soil.
→
5🔊Some became invisible water vapor.
→
6🔊Where did the snow go?
→

📖 Practice 10 · 阅读理解(共 4 题)

回到课文,根据课文内容用英文回答下面的问题:

1🔊What happened to the snowman?
→
2🔊Where did the water go?
→
3🔊Why did the snow turn into water?
→
4🔊What is the topic of this lesson?
→

🔍 词汇深度讲解 · 描述过去事件的关键时间词

讲过去的故事时,时间状语非常重要——让句子有"时间感":

🕐 具体时间词:
  yesterday 昨天 this morning 今早
  last night 昨晚 last week / month / year 上周/月/年
  two days ago 两天前 in 2020 在 2020 年

🕐 顺序词(讲故事必备):
  first 首先 then 然后 next 接下来
  after that 那之后 finally 最后 in the end 最终

🕐 转折词:
  but 但是 however 然而 suddenly 突然

📖 例子:
"Last winter, snow covered everything. Then spring came and the snow melted. Now the water is in rivers and clouds!"

💡 学好过去时的关键 — 用时间词把事件按顺序串起来,让故事更生动。

❄️ 英语文化小常识 · Where Does Snow Go? 水的循环

"雪去哪儿了"涉及科学常识——这是英美小学 science class(科学课)的经典话题:

💧 The Water Cycle 水循环:
☁️ Evaporation(蒸发)—— 水变成水蒸气升入空中
☁️ Condensation(凝结)—— 水蒸气在天空形成云
🌧️ Precipitation(降水)—— 雨、雪、冰雹落下
🌊 Collection(汇集)—— 流入河流、湖泊、海洋

❄️ 关于雪的有趣科学:
🔬 No two snowflakes are the same!(没有两片雪花完全相同!)
☃️ snow 是 H₂O 的固态
🌡️ 0°C 以下水会结冰

📺 推荐儿童科学节目:
🔬 Bill Nye the Science Guy(科学小子比尔)—— 经典美国教育节目
🚌 The Magic School Bus(神奇校车)—— 适合 7-10 岁,中国也有引进!

💡 学完这一课,下次看到雪融化,告诉爸妈:"The snow is becoming water vapor in the water cycle!"

🎯 本课小结 Summary

✅ 我掌握了特殊疑问词复习
✅ 我掌握了过去时综合(规则 + 不规则)
✅ 我掌握了现在时与过去时混合(科普讲解里很常见)

🌈 下一课预告

📘 Lesson 8 · The biggest sandcastle 最大的沙堡

新知识点:什么是最高级? + 最高级的 5 种变化规则

⬆️ 返回目录
📍 Chapter 14 · LESSON 8

Lesson 8 · 最大的沙堡

The biggest sandcastle
📚 形容词最高级 the -est / the most

📖 Text 课文

最大的沙堡
🏖️🏰🪣🌊
Lesson 8
🔊Last summer, Sue, Ben and I went to the beach.
🔊It was the hottest day of our trip — but we didn't care.
🔊We decided to build a sandcastle.
🔊The biggest one of all!
🔊We worked for three hours.
🔊It had the tallest tower, the deepest moat,
🔊and the most beautiful shell gate in the world.
🔊People came to see it.
🔊They took pictures.
🔊A little girl said, "This is the best sandcastle I've ever seen!"
🔊We were the proudest kids on the beach.
🔊In the evening, we left.
🔊The waves came and took it away.
🔊But it was the best memory of my whole summer.

📝 New Words and Expressions 单词与短语

单词音标词性·释义
beach/biːtʃ/n. 海滩;沙滩
hottest/ˈhɒtɪst/adj. 最热的
sandcastle/ˈsændkɑːsl/n. 沙堡
biggest/ˈbɪɡɪst/adj. 最大的
tallest/ˈtɔːlɪst/adj. 最高的
tower/ˈtaʊə/n. 塔;高楼
deepest/ˈdiːpɪst/adj. 最深的
moat/məʊt/n. 护城河
shell/ʃel/n. 贝壳
gate/ɡeɪt/n. 大门
world/wɜːld/n. 世界
took/tʊk/v. 拿;带(过去式)
best/best/adj. 最好的
proudest/ˈpraʊdɪst/adj. 最骄傲的
wave/weɪv/n. 海浪;波浪
memory/ˈmeməri/n. 回忆;记忆
💡 词汇详解(点击单词或例句可朗读)
beachn.海滩;沙滩

用法:海边的沙地

go to the beach — 去海边

💡 类似:sea 海

hottestadj.最热的

用法:hot → hottest(双写 t 加 est)

the hottest day — 最热的一天

💡 原级:hot

sandcastlen.沙堡

用法:sand(沙)+ castle(城堡)

build a sandcastle — 堆沙堡

💡 类似:snowman 雪人

biggestadj.最大的

用法:big → biggest(双写 g 加 est)

the biggest one — 最大的那个

💡 原级:big

tallestadj.最高的

用法:tall + est → tallest

the tallest tower — 最高的塔

💡 原级:tall

towern.塔;高楼

用法:高的建筑

the tallest tower — 最高的塔

💡 类似:building 楼

deepestadj.最深的

用法:deep + est → deepest

the deepest moat — 最深的护城河

💡 原级:deep

moatn.护城河

用法:城堡周围的水沟

the deepest moat — 最深的护城河

💡 类似:river 河

shelln.贝壳

用法:海边的小硬壳

shell gate 贝壳门 — 复数 shells

💡 类似:rock 石头

gaten.大门

用法:入口的门

the shell gate — 贝壳门

💡 类似:door 门

worldn.世界

用法:in the world = 全世界

in the world — 在世界上

💡 类似:Earth 地球

tookv.拿;带(过去式)

用法:take → took,<strong>不规则</strong>

They took pictures. — 他们拍了照。

💡 take (现在) / took (过去)

bestadj.最好的

用法:good → best(不规则最高级)

the best sandcastle — 最好的沙堡

💡 原级:good

proudestadj.最骄傲的

用法:proud + est → proudest

the proudest kids — 最骄傲的孩子

💡 原级:proud

waven.海浪;波浪

用法:海里的水起伏

The waves came. — 海浪来了。

💡 类似:water 水

memoryn.回忆;记忆

用法:心里记住的事

the best memory — 最好的回忆

💡 动词:remember

📝 Phrases 重点短语

这些是本课必须掌握的短语和表达,点击听发音,反复跟读:

🔊 go to the beach
去海滩
🔊 the hottest day
最热的一天
🔊 build a sandcastle
建沙堡
🔊 the biggest one
最大的那个
🔊 the tallest tower
最高的塔
🔊 the deepest moat
最深的护城河
🔊 work for three hours
工作三小时
🔊 come and watch
过来观看

🇨🇳 参考译文

去年夏天,苏、本和我去了海边。

那是我们旅行最热的一天——但我们不在乎。

我们决定堆一个沙堡。最大的一个!

我们做了三个小时。

它有最高的塔,最深的护城河,

还有世界上最漂亮的贝壳门。

人们都来看。他们拍照。

一个小女孩说:"这是我见过最棒的沙堡!"

我们是海滩上最骄傲的孩子。

晚上我们离开了。海浪来了,把它带走了。

但它是我整个夏天最好的回忆。

📚 Note 语法讲解

🎯 核心句型:形容词最高级
A + be + the + 形容词最高级 + in/of + 范围
📐 句型拆解
▸ 短词 + est tallest, biggest, hottest
▸ 长词 + most the most beautiful
▸ 不规则 good→best, bad→worst
💡 例句(点击发音)
🔊 We built the biggest sandcastle. 我们建了最大的沙堡。
🔊 It was the hottest day of the year. 那是一年中最热的一天。
⚠️ 最高级前面必须加 the!不能说 "biggest",要说 "the biggest"。

一、什么是最高级?

三个或更多东西比较,谁最……,就用最高级。

句型:主语 + be + the + 形容词最高级 + 范围(in/of...)

It was the biggest sandcastle. — 那是最大的沙堡。
It had the tallest tower. — 它有最高的塔。
She is the best player in our class. — 她是我们班最好的球员。
⚠️ 最高级前面必须有 the!不能说 "It was biggest sandcastle",要说 "It was the biggest"。

对比:原级 vs 比较级 vs 最高级

tall → taller / the tallest  高 / 更高 / 最高
big → bigger / the biggest  大 / 更大 / 最大
happy → happier / the happiest  开心 / 更开心 / 最开心
good → better / the best  好 / 更好 / 最好(不规则)

二、最高级的 5 种变化规则

跟比较级的 5 种规则一一对应,把 er 换成 est,more 换成 most。

规则1:一般情况,加 -est

tall → tallest  加 est
short → shortest  加 est
cold → coldest  加 est
deep → deepest  加 est
It had the tallest tower. — 它有最高的塔。
The deepest moat in our castle. — 我们城堡最深的护城河。

规则2:以 -e 结尾,加 -st

nice → nicest  加 st
large → largest  加 st
late → latest  加 st
simple → simplest  加 st

规则3:重读闭音节,双写最后一个字母 + est

big → biggest  双写 g + est
hot → hottest  双写 t + est
thin → thinnest  双写 n + est
fat → fattest  双写 t + est
It was the hottest day. — 那是最热的一天。
It was the biggest sandcastle. — 那是最大的沙堡。

规则4:辅音字母 + y 结尾,去 y 加 iest

happy → happiest  去 y → iest
busy → busiest  去 y → iest
easy → easiest  去 y → iest
lucky → luckiest  去 y → iest

规则5:多音节词,前面加 most

beautiful → most beautiful  前面加 most
interesting → most interesting  前面加 most
careful → most careful  前面加 most
difficult → most difficult  前面加 most
The most beautiful shell gate. — 最漂亮的贝壳门。
This is the most interesting book. — 这是最有意思的书。

三、不规则最高级(必背!)

常用的不规则最高级跟比较级一起记。

good / well → better / best  原级 / 比较级 / 最高级
bad → worse / worst  坏 / 更坏 / 最坏
many / much → more / most  多 / 更多 / 最多
little → less / least  少 / 更少 / 最少
far → farther / farthest  远 / 更远 / 最远
It was the best memory of my summer. — 它是我夏天最好的回忆。
He is the worst player on the team. — 他是队里最差的球员。
🎵 口诀:好 better / best;坏 worse / worst;多 more / most;少 less / least。

四、in vs of(最高级的范围)

最高级后面用 in 或 of 表示范围。

in + 地点 / 集体(在某个地方/团体里)

the most beautiful gate in the world — 世界上最漂亮的门
the proudest kids on the beach — 海滩上最骄傲的孩子
the best player in our class — 我们班最好的球员

of + 同类的复数(同类事物中)

the biggest one of all — 所有里面最大的
the best of all the books — 所有书里最好的
the youngest of three brothers — 三兄弟里最小的

表示时间,多用 of

the hottest day of the year — 一年里最热的一天
the best memory of my summer — 夏天里最好的回忆
💡 记忆窍门:in 后面是"地方/团体",of 后面是"一群同类东西/一段时间"。

🔑 Key Sentences 重点句解析

🔊
It had the tallest tower.
它有最高的塔。
1. 句型:主语 + had + the + 最高级 + 名词。
2. tallest = tall + est。
3. had 是 have 的过去式。
📝 即练:
填空:tall 的最高级是 ___ → tallest (tall + est = tallest。)
改错:It had tallest tower. → the tallest (最高级前必须加 the。)
🔊
The most beautiful shell gate in the world.
世界上最漂亮的贝壳门。
1. most beautiful:beautiful 多音节,最高级前加 most。
2. in the world = 在世界上(in 表示地点/范围)。
3. 整个最高级前面有 the。
📝 即练:
填空:beautiful 的最高级是 ___ → most beautiful (多音节加 most。)
填空:the most interesting book ___ the library → in (地点/范围用 in。)
🔊
It was the best memory of my whole summer.
它是我整个夏天最好的回忆。
1. best = good 的最高级(不规则)。
2. of my whole summer:of 表示"在……(一段时间)里"。
3. whole = 整个的。
📝 即练:
填空:good 的最高级是 ___ → best (good → best(不规则)。)
填空:the best day ___ the year(一年里) → of (时间段用 of。)

✏️ Practice 练习(共 10 大区块 · 语法专项 22+ 题)

📌 本课语法重点:最高级(the + -est / the most)的 5 种规则
🎯 10 大区块循序渐进:听 → 拼 → 语法变形 → 语法应用 → 语法综合 → 转 → 改 → 连 → 译 → 读

🔊 Practice 1 · 听音辨词(共 6 题)

点 🔊 听单词,根据提示写出英文:

1🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:最热的)
2🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:最大的)
3🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:最高的)
4🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:最深的)
5🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:沙堡)
6🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:护城河)

📝 Practice 2 · 单词拼写(共 6 题)

根据中文意思和首字母提示,写出完整单词:

1意思:沙堡 首字母:s _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ →
2意思:海滩 首字母:b _ _ _ _ →
3意思:塔楼 首字母:t _ _ _ _ →
4意思:护城河 首字母:m _ _ _ →
5意思:最大的 首字母:b _ _ _ _ _ _ →
6意思:最深的 首字母:d _ _ _ _ _ _ →

⚡ Practice 3 · 语法基础:写出下列形容词的最高级(共 8 题)

注意 5 种变化规则 + the

1🔊tall → ___
→
2🔊large → ___
→
3🔊happy → ___
→
4🔊big → ___
→
5🔊beautiful → ___
→
6🔊good → ___
→
7🔊bad → ___
→
8🔊hot → ___
→

🎯 Practice 4 · 语法应用:用括号词的最高级填空(共 8 题)

用形容词的最高级形式(the + -est 或 the most):

1🔊It was the day of the year. (hot)
2🔊We built the sandcastle. (big)
3🔊The tower was the . (tall)
4🔊Her dress is the in the shop. (beautiful)
5🔊That was the trip ever. (good)
6🔊This is the day of my life. (bad)
7🔊Mike is the boy in our class. (smart)
8🔊This book is the I have ever read. (interesting)

✏️ Practice 5 · 语法综合:完成最高级句子(共 6 题)

根据中文完成句子(注意 the + 最高级):

1🔊那是一年中最热的一天。It was day of the year.
2🔊我们建了海滩上最大的沙堡。We built sandcastle on the beach.
3🔊护城河是最深的。The moat was .
4🔊那是最棒的一天。That was day.
5🔊他是班里最高的。He is boy in the class.
6🔊这是我读过最有趣的书。This is book I have ever read.

🔄 Practice 6 · 句型转换(共 5 题)

按括号要求改写句子:

1🔊Tom is tall. (改为最高级"班里最高")
→
2🔊The sandcastle is big. (改为最高级"海滩上最大")
→
3🔊Her dress is beautiful. (改为最高级)
→
4🔊This day is good. (改为最高级"我生命中最好的")
→
5🔊Mike runs fast. (改为最高级)
→

🔧 Practice 7 · 改错(共 5 题)

每句有一处错误,改正后写在横线上:

1It was the hotest day of the year. 🔊
→
2We built the most biggest sandcastle. 🔊
→
3Mom is goodest cook in our family. 🔊
→
4This is most beautiful flower. 🔊
→
5Tom is taller boy in the class. 🔊
→

🔗 Practice 8 · 连一连(共 6 对)

点击左边一个英文短语,再点击右边对应的中文。配对正确变绿色,错误会摇晃。

英文短语中文意思(已打乱)
🔊1. the hottest day ⟷ 最深的护城河
🔊2. the biggest sandcastle ⟷ 最高的塔
🔊3. the tallest tower ⟷ 在海滩上
🔊4. the deepest moat ⟷ 最大的沙堡
🔊5. on the beach ⟷ 努力干
🔊6. work hard ⟷ 最热的一天

✍️ Practice 9 · 翻译练习(共 6 题)

前 3 题中译英,后 3 题英译中:

1那是一年中最热的一天。 🔊
→
2我们建了海滩上最大的沙堡。 🔊
→
3护城河是最深的。 🔊
→
4🔊We worked for three hours.
→
5🔊The tower was the tallest.
→
6🔊It was the best trip ever.
→

📖 Practice 10 · 阅读理解(共 4 题)

回到课文,根据课文内容用英文回答下面的问题:

1🔊When did they go to the beach?
→
2🔊Was it hot or cold?
→
3🔊What did they build?
→
4🔊How long did they work?
→

🔍 词汇深度讲解 · 形容词最高级 the -est / the most

3 个或以上事物比较,用最高级——表示"最..."。

✅ 短词(1-2 音节):the + -est
  tall → the tallest(最高的)
  big → the biggest(双写!)
  happy → the happiest(y 变 i)
  hot → the hottest(双写)

✅ 长词(3+ 音节):the most + 原形
  beautiful → the most beautiful
  expensive → the most expensive

📐 典型句型:
  the + 最高级 + 名词 + in/of...
  Mike is the tallest boy in our class.
  Tom built the biggest sandcastle on the beach.

⚠️ "the" 不能省略!
  ✅ He is the fastest. ❌ He is fastest.

🆚 对比比较级:
  比较级:A is taller than B(两人比较)
  最高级:A is the tallest(3 人或以上里最高)

🏖️ 英语文化小常识 · Sandcastle Competitions 沙堡比赛

在英美海滩文化中,building sandcastles(建沙堡)是夏天的经典活动!

🏖️ 美国著名沙堡比赛:
🏆 U.S. Open Sandcastle Competition(美国公开沙堡赛,加州)
🏰 Texas SandFest(德州沙堡节)—— 专业雕塑家参加!
🌊 比赛沙堡可以高达 5 米!

🪣 建沙堡的工具:
🪣 bucket(桶)
🪚 shovel(铲子)
🦪 seashells(贝壳)—— 用来装饰
💧 water(水)—— 让沙子粘在一起

📜 "the bigger, the better" 文化:
美国孩子总是想建 "the biggest sandcastle on the beach"——这反映了美国文化里的"挑战极限"精神!

💡 沙堡的英文还有:
🏰 moat(护城河)
🗼 tower(塔楼)
🚪 gate(城门)
👑 king and queen(国王和王后住里面)

🎯 本课小结 Summary

✅ 我掌握了什么是最高级?
✅ 我掌握了最高级的 5 种变化规则
✅ 我掌握了不规则最高级(必背!)
✅ 我掌握了in vs of(最高级的范围)

🌈 下一课预告

📘 Lesson 9 · The cooking contest 家庭做菜比赛

新知识点:特殊形式的比较级(必背!) + fewer vs less(一对常考!)

⬆️ 返回目录
📍 Chapter 14 · LESSON 9

Lesson 9 · 家庭做菜比赛

The cooking contest
📚 不规则比较级 · 名词性物主代词

📖 Text 课文

家庭做菜比赛
👨‍🍳🍝🥘🏆
Lesson 9
🔊Last weekend, our family had a cooking contest.
🔊Each of us made one dish.
🔊My brother's soup was much saltier than mine.
🔊My sister's chicken was even spicier than his soup.
🔊Mom is the best cook in our family,
🔊but she said, "Today no one is the judge.
🔊We taste each other's food."
🔊I made noodles.
🔊They didn't look pretty,
🔊but the taste was better than mine before.
🔊Dad tasted one bite and said, "Yours is better than the restaurant's!"
🔊He was probably joking — but those were the best words I ever heard.
🔊In the end, my brother had more food left than anyone else.
🔊I had less than his.
🔊Grandpa smiled and said, "The most important thing in cooking is heart, not taste."

📝 New Words and Expressions 单词与短语

单词音标词性·释义
contest/ˈkɒntest/n. 比赛
dish/dɪʃ/n. 菜;盘子
saltier/ˈsɔːltiə/adj. 更咸的
spicier/ˈspaɪsiə/adj. 更辣的
chicken/ˈtʃɪkɪn/n. 鸡肉;鸡
cook/kʊk/n./v. 厨师;做饭
judge/dʒʌdʒ/n./v. 评委;评判
taste/teɪst/v./n. 尝;味道
noodles/ˈnuːdlz/n. 面条
pretty/ˈprɪti/adj. 好看的;漂亮的
mine/maɪn/pron. 我的(名词性)
restaurant/ˈrestrɒnt/n. 餐厅;饭馆
bite/baɪt/n./v. 一口;咬
probably/ˈprɒbəbli/adv. 大概;可能
joking/ˈdʒəʊkɪŋ/v. 开玩笑
left/left/adj. 剩下的
heart/hɑːt/n. 心;心意
💡 词汇详解(点击单词或例句可朗读)
contestn.比赛

用法:友好的比试

a cooking contest — 做菜比赛

💡 近义:competition 比赛

dishn.菜;盘子

用法:一道菜或一个盘子

made one dish — 做一道菜

💡 类似:plate 盘子

saltieradj.更咸的

用法:salty → saltier(去 y 加 ier)

much saltier than mine — 比我的咸多了

💡 原级:salty

spicieradj.更辣的

用法:spicy → spicier(去 y 加 ier)

even spicier — 甚至更辣

💡 原级:spicy

chickenn.鸡肉;鸡

用法:一种常见肉类

fried chicken 炸鸡 — 类似:beef 牛肉

💡 类似:beef 牛肉

cookn./v.厨师;做饭

用法:做菜的人 / 做饭的动作

the best cook — 最好的厨师

💡 动词过去式:cooked

judgen./v.评委;评判

用法:比赛里打分的人

no one is the judge — 没人是评委

💡 类似:referee 裁判

tastev./n.尝;味道

用法:过去式 tasted

taste the food — 尝一下菜

💡 名词:flavor 风味

noodlesn.面条

用法:通常用复数

made noodles — 做了面条

💡 类似:rice 米饭

prettyadj.好看的;漂亮的

用法:形容样子好看

They didn't look pretty. — 看相不好。

💡 近义:beautiful

minepron.我的(名词性)

用法:= my + 名词

better than mine — 比我的好

💡 对应:my 我的(形容词性)

restaurantn.餐厅;饭馆

用法:吃饭的地方

the restaurant's — 餐厅的(菜)

💡 类似:cafe 咖啡馆

biten./v.一口;咬

用法:one bite = 一口

one bite — 一口

💡 动词过去式:bit

probablyadv.大概;可能

用法:不太确定

He was probably joking. — 他大概在开玩笑。

💡 近义:maybe 也许

jokingv.开玩笑

用法:joke + ing

He was joking. — 他在开玩笑。

💡 反义:serious 认真的

leftadj.剩下的

用法:leave 的过去分词作形容词

food left 剩下的菜 — 动词原形 leave

💡 近义:remaining 剩余的

heartn.心;心意

用法:身体器官 / 心意

heart, not taste — 心意,不是味道

💡 近义:feelings 感情

📝 Phrases 重点短语

这些是本课必须掌握的短语和表达,点击听发音,反复跟读:

🔊 a cooking contest
一个烹饪比赛
🔊 each of us
我们每个人
🔊 saltier than mine
比我的更咸
🔊 spicier than his
比他的更辣
🔊 the best cook
最棒的厨师
🔊 no one is the judge
没人是裁判
🔊 I love yours
我爱你做的

🇨🇳 参考译文

上周末,我们家办了一场做菜比赛。

我们每人做一道菜。

哥哥的汤比我的咸多了。

妹妹的鸡肉比他的汤还辣。

妈妈是我们家最好的厨师,

但她说:"今天没有评委。我们尝彼此的菜。"

我做的是面条。看相不太好,

但味道比我以前做的好。

爸爸尝了一口说:"你的比餐厅做的还好!"

他大概在开玩笑——但那是我听过最好的话。

最后,哥哥剩的菜比所有人都多。

我剩的比他少。

爷爷笑着说:"做菜最重要的不是味道,是心。"

📚 Note 语法讲解

🎯 核心句型:不规则比较级 + 名词性物主代词
A + be + 不规则比较级 + than + 物主代词
📐 句型拆解
▸ 不规则 good→better, bad→worse, more, less
▸ 物主代词 mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs
💡 例句(点击发音)
🔊 My brother's soup was saltier than mine. 哥哥的汤比我的咸。
🔊 Yours is better than mine! 你的比我的好!
💡 mine = my + 名词。"this is mine" 后面不用再加名词。

一、特殊形式的比较级(必背!)

有几对常用形容词/副词的比较级不按规则变化,需要单独记。这些词在课文里都出现了。

4 对最重要的不规则比较级:

good / well(好) → better  更好的
bad / ill(坏 / 病) → worse  更坏的 / 更糟
many / much(多) → more  更多
little(少 / 不可数) → less  更少

课文里的例句:

The taste was better than mine before. — 味道比我以前做的好。
My brother had more food left than anyone. — 哥哥剩的菜比所有人都多。
I had less than his. — 我剩的比他少。
🎵 口诀:好变 better,坏变 worse,多变 more,少变 less。

2 个一词两义的特殊形式:

old(老) → older / elder  older 比较老;elder 辈分长(家人)
far(远) → farther / further  farther 距离更远;further 程度更深
My elder brother is taller. — 我哥哥更高。
The school is farther than the park. — 学校比公园远。

二、fewer vs less(一对常考!)

都是"更少",但用法不同:fewer 用于可数;less 用于不可数。

fewer + 可数名词复数

I have fewer friends now. — 我现在朋友更少了。(friends 可数)
fewer apples / fewer books / fewer stars — 更少的苹果 / 书 / 星星

less + 不可数名词

I had less food than him. — 我剩的菜比他少。(food 不可数)
less water / less time / less money — 更少的水 / 时间 / 钱
💡 怎么判断可数?能说"一个、两个……"的就是可数(apples / books);不能数的就是不可数(water / food / time)。

三、名词性物主代词(mine / yours / his ...)

"我的"在英文里有两种:
• my(形容词性):后面接名词。my book = 我的书。
• mine(名词性):后面不接名词,本身就当名词用。

对照表(必背):

my(我的) → mine  我的(不接名词)
your(你的) → yours  你的
his(他的) → his  他的(两种一样)
her(她的) → hers  她的
its(它的) → its  它的
our(我们的) → ours  我们的
your(你们的) → yours  你们的
their(他们的) → theirs  他们的

课文里的对比:

My brother's soup was saltier than mine. — 哥哥的汤比我的咸。(mine = my soup)
I had less than his. — 我剩的比他少。(his = his food)
Yours is better than the restaurant's! — 你的比餐厅做的还好!(Yours = Your noodles)
🎵 口诀:有名用形(容词),没名用名(词)。
例:my book(有名词)→ It is mine.(没名词)

四、much / even + 比较级(加强语气)

在比较级前加 much(……得多)或 even(甚至更……)。

My brother's soup was much saltier than mine. — 哥哥的汤比我的咸多了。
My sister's chicken was even spicier than his soup. — 妹妹的鸡肉比他的汤还要辣。
I am much better at math now. — 我数学好多了。
This book is even more interesting. — 这本书甚至更有意思。
⚠️ much / even 必须放在比较级前,不能放原级前。不能说 "much salty",要说 "much saltier"。

🔑 Key Sentences 重点句解析

🔊
My brother's soup was much saltier than mine.
哥哥的汤比我的咸多了。
1. My brother's soup = 哥哥的汤('s 表所属)。
2. much saltier = 咸得多(much 加强比较级)。
3. mine = my soup(名词性物主代词,避免重复)。
📝 即练:
填空:His pen is longer than ___.(我的) → mine (mine = my pen。)
填空:salty 的比较级是 ___ → saltier (辅音+y → ier。)
🔊
I had less than his.
我剩的比他少。
1. less = little 的比较级(不规则,不可数用)。
2. his = his food(名词性物主代词,与形容词性同形)。
3. 句子省略了 food,避免重复。
📝 即练:
填空:little 的比较级是 ___(不规则) → less (little → less(不可数用)。)
填空:This bag is hers, that one is ___.(他的) → his (他的:his(两种形式同)。)
🔊
Grandpa said, "The most important thing in cooking is heart, not taste."
爷爷说:"做菜最重要的不是味道,是心。"
1. the most important thing = 最重要的事(最高级)。
2. in cooking = 在做菜里。
3. heart, not taste = 是心,不是味道(对比)。
📝 即练:
填空:important 的最高级是 ___ → most important (多音节加 most。)
填空:The ___ thing is to keep trying.(最重要的) → most important (the most important。)

✏️ Practice 练习(共 10 大区块 · 语法专项 22+ 题)

📌 本课语法重点:不规则比较级 + 名词性物主代词(mine/yours/his/hers)
🎯 10 大区块循序渐进:听 → 拼 → 语法变形 → 语法应用 → 语法综合 → 转 → 改 → 连 → 译 → 读

🔊 Practice 1 · 听音辨词(共 6 题)

点 🔊 听单词,根据提示写出英文:

1🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:比赛)
2🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:更咸的)
3🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:更辣的)
4🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:评判)
5🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:品尝)
6🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:鸡肉)

📝 Practice 2 · 单词拼写(共 6 题)

根据中文意思和首字母提示,写出完整单词:

1意思:比赛 首字母:c _ _ _ _ _ _ →
2意思:菜肴 首字母:d _ _ _ →
3意思:鸡肉 首字母:c _ _ _ _ _ _ →
4意思:评判员 首字母:j _ _ _ _ →
5意思:品尝 首字母:t _ _ _ _ →
6意思:更辣的 首字母:s _ _ _ _ _ _ →

⚡ Practice 3 · 语法基础:写出不规则比较级 + 名词性物主代词(共 8 题)

上半:不规则比较级和最高级;下半:物主代词转换

1🔊good → ___ → ___
→
2🔊bad → ___ → ___
→
3🔊many / much → ___ → ___
→
4🔊little → ___ → ___
→
5🔊my → ___ (名词性)
→
6🔊your → ___ (名词性)
→
7🔊her → ___ (名词性)
→
8🔊their → ___ (名词性)
→

🎯 Practice 4 · 语法应用:用比较级或物主代词填空(共 8 题)

括号里给出形容词或代词,写正确形式:

1🔊My brother's soup was than mine. (salty)
2🔊Mom is the cook in our family. (good)
3🔊Today's dish is than yesterday's. (bad)
4🔊I have time than him. (much)
5🔊She has homework than me. (little)
6🔊This dish is . (我的)
7🔊That book is . (你的)
8🔊The toy is . (他的)

✏️ Practice 5 · 语法综合:完成句子(共 6 题)

根据中文完成句子:

1🔊我哥哥的汤比我的更咸。My brother's soup was than .
2🔊妈妈是最棒的厨师。Mom is .
3🔊这道菜比那道差。This dish is than that one.
4🔊这本书是我的。This book is .
5🔊那支笔是她的。That pen is .
6🔊我们家庭有了一个烹饪比赛。Our family a cooking .

🔄 Practice 6 · 句型转换(共 5 题)

按括号要求改写句子:

1🔊His soup is salty. My soup is salty too. But his is +. (用比较级)
→
2🔊This is my book. (用名词性物主代词改写)
→
3🔊That is your pen. (用名词性物主代词改写)
→
4🔊Her dish is good. (改为最高级)
→
5🔊I have many books. He has few books. (改为比较级)
→

🔧 Practice 7 · 改错(共 5 题)

每句有一处错误,改正后写在横线上:

1My soup is more saltier than yours. 🔊
→
2Mom is the goodest cook. 🔊
→
3This dish is more bad than that one. 🔊
→
4I have more book than him. 🔊
→
5This book is my. 🔊
→

🔗 Practice 8 · 连一连(共 6 对)

点击左边一个英文短语,再点击右边对应的中文。配对正确变绿色,错误会摇晃。

英文短语中文意思(已打乱)
🔊1. cooking contest ⟷ 烹饪比赛
🔊2. the best cook ⟷ 比我的更咸
🔊3. saltier than mine ⟷ 家庭裁判
🔊4. spicier than his ⟷ 做了这道菜
🔊5. the family judge ⟷ 比他的更辣
🔊6. made the dish ⟷ 最棒的厨师

✍️ Practice 9 · 翻译练习(共 6 题)

前 3 题中译英,后 3 题英译中:

1我们家上周末有个烹饪比赛。 🔊
→
2哥哥的汤比我的更咸。 🔊
→
3妈妈是我们家最棒的厨师。 🔊
→
4🔊My sister's chicken was spicier than his soup.
→
5🔊Each of us made one dish.
→
6🔊She is the family judge.
→

📖 Practice 10 · 阅读理解(共 4 题)

回到课文,根据课文内容用英文回答下面的问题:

1🔊When was the cooking contest?
→
2🔊Who made the saltiest soup?
→
3🔊Who is the best cook?
→
4🔊Whose dish was spicier?
→

🔍 词汇深度讲解 · 不规则比较级 + 名词性物主代词

⭐ 不规则比较级/最高级(必背!):

🔸 good / well → better → the best(好 / 好地 → 更好 → 最好)
🔸 bad → worse → the worst(坏 → 更坏 → 最坏)
🔸 many / much → more → the most(多 → 更多 → 最多)
🔸 little → less → the least(少 → 更少 → 最少)
🔸 far → farther / further → the farthest(远)

🏆 名词性物主代词(独立使用,不接名词):
  形容词性 vs 名词性:
  my → mine(我的 → 我的(东西))
  your → yours his → his(同形)
  her → hers our → ours their → theirs

🆚 对比:
  This is my book.(my + 名词)
  This book is mine.(mine 单独用)
  Mom's dish was spicier than mine.(mine = my dish)

👨‍🍳 英语文化小常识 · Family Cook-offs 家庭厨艺大赛

美国家庭流行 cooking contests(烹饪比赛)—— 让全家人参与,超有趣!

🍳 Family Cook-off 家庭厨艺赛:
每位家庭成员做一道菜,全家品尝评分 —— 谁的最好吃就是 "this week's chef"(本周大厨)!

🏆 美国著名烹饪节目:
📺 MasterChef(厨艺大师)—— Gordon Ramsay 主持
👨‍🍳 MasterChef Junior(厨艺大师·小厨师版)—— 8-13 岁孩子比赛!
🍰 The Great British Bake Off(英国烘焙大赛)—— 治愈系,超火!

🥘 美式家常菜:
🍝 spaghetti(意面)
🍔 hamburger(汉堡)
🌮 tacos(墨西哥卷饼)
🥧 mac and cheese(芝士通心粉)
🍪 chocolate chip cookies(巧克力曲奇)

💡 "Different recipes, different tastes"(不同食谱,不同味道)—— 这是 cooking 的魅力,没有标准答案,每个人都能创造自己的味道!

🎯 本课小结 Summary

✅ 我掌握了特殊形式的比较级(必背!)
✅ 我掌握了fewer vs less(一对常考!)
✅ 我掌握了名词性物主代词(mine / yours / his ...)
✅ 我掌握了much / even + 比较级(加强语气)

🌈 下一课预告

📘 Lesson 10 · The note in the old book 旧书里的纸条

新知识点:复合不定代词(something / anything / nothing / everything ...) + 不定代词作主语:动词用单数

⬆️ 返回目录
📍 Chapter 14 · LESSON 10

Lesson 10 · 旧书里的纸条

The note in the old book
📚 复合不定代词

📖 Text 课文

旧书里的纸条
📚📜✏️🕰️
Lesson 10
🔊Last weekend at Grandma's house, I went up to the attic.
🔊I wanted to find something fun.
🔊There were many old boxes there.
🔊I opened them one by one.
🔊Inside the third box, I saw an old book.
🔊When I opened it, something white fell out.
🔊It was a folded note.
🔊Nothing special — just one line of words.
🔊It said, "To anyone who reads this book in the future."
🔊Who wrote it?
🔊I asked Grandma.
🔊She thought for a moment and said, "It was your grandpa."
🔊Before he passed away, Grandpa loved to hide little notes.
🔊He left something for everyone in the family.
🔊But I had never received anything before.
🔊On the back of the note, there was one more line:
🔊"May there always be stars in your eyes."
🔊I put the note in my notebook.
🔊Maybe one day I will leave something for someone too.

📝 New Words and Expressions 单词与短语

单词音标词性·释义
attic/ˈætɪk/n. 阁楼
box/bɒks/n. 箱子
something/ˈsʌmθɪŋ/pron. 某物;某事
inside/ɪnˈsaɪd/prep. 在……里面
fell out/fel aʊt/phrase 掉出来(过去式)
folded/ˈfəʊldɪd/adj. 折着的
note/nəʊt/n. 纸条;便条
nothing/ˈnʌθɪŋ/pron. 什么都没有
special/ˈspeʃl/adj. 特别的
anyone/ˈeniwʌn/pron. 任何人
future/ˈfjuːtʃə/n. 未来;将来
thought/θɔːt/v. 想(过去式)
pass away/pɑːs əˈweɪ/phrase 去世;过世
hide/haɪd/v. 藏;躲
everyone/ˈevriwʌn/pron. 每个人
received/rɪˈsiːvd/v. 收到(过去式)
anything/ˈeniθɪŋ/pron. 任何东西
back/bæk/n. 背面;后面
someone/ˈsʌmwʌn/pron. 某个人
💡 词汇详解(点击单词或例句可朗读)
atticn.阁楼

用法:房子最顶层放杂物的地方

go up to the attic — 上阁楼

💡 类似:basement 地下室

boxn.箱子

用法:复数 boxes

old boxes — 旧箱子

💡 类似:carton 纸盒

somethingpron.某物;某事

用法:some + thing,肯定句用

something fun — 有意思的东西

💡 反义:nothing 没什么

insideprep.在……里面

用法:反义词 outside

inside the box — 在箱子里

💡 反义:outside 外面

fell outphrase掉出来(过去式)

用法:fall out → fell out

something fell out — 有东西掉了出来

💡 原形:fall out

foldedadj.折着的

用法:fold + ed → folded

a folded note — 折着的纸条

💡 动词:fold 折

noten.纸条;便条

用法:简短的字条

leave a note — 留张纸条

💡 类似:letter 信

nothingpron.什么都没有

用法:no + thing

nothing special — 没什么特别

💡 反义:something

specialadj.特别的

用法:something special / nothing special

nothing special — 没什么特别

💡 反义:ordinary 普通的

anyonepron.任何人

用法:any + one

to anyone who reads — 给任何读到的人

💡 同义:anybody

futuren.未来;将来

用法:in the future = 将来

in the future — 将来

💡 反义:past 过去

thoughtv.想(过去式)

用法:think → thought,<strong>不规则</strong>

She thought for a moment. — 她想了一会儿。

💡 think (现在) / thought (过去)

pass awayphrase去世;过世

用法:比 die 更委婉

before he passed away — 他去世前

💡 近义:die 死(直白)

hidev.藏;躲

用法:过去式 hid(不规则)

hide notes — 藏纸条

💡 反义:show 给人看

everyonepron.每个人

用法:every + one

something for everyone — 给每个人的东西

💡 同义:everybody

receivedv.收到(过去式)

用法:receive + d → received

never received anything — 从没收到过

💡 反义:give 给

anythingpron.任何东西

用法:any + thing,否定/疑问用

never received anything — 从没收到任何东西

💡 同类:something

backn.背面;后面

用法:on the back = 在背面

on the back of the note — 纸条背面

💡 反义:front 正面

someonepron.某个人

用法:some + one

leave something for someone — 给某个人留点什么

💡 同义:somebody

📝 Phrases 重点短语

这些是本课必须掌握的短语和表达,点击听发音,反复跟读:

🔊 go up to the attic
上阁楼
🔊 find something fun
找些有趣的东西
🔊 one by one
一个接一个
🔊 an old book
一本旧书
🔊 a folded note
一张折叠的便条
🔊 fell out
掉了出来
🔊 many old boxes
许多旧盒子

🇨🇳 参考译文

上周末在外婆家,我上了阁楼。

我想找点有意思的东西。

阁楼里有很多旧箱子。我一个个打开。

在第三个箱子里,我看到一本很旧的书。

我打开它,一张白色的东西掉了出来。

是一张折着的纸条。没什么特别的——只有一行字。

上面写着:"给将来读到这本书的人。"

谁写的?我问外婆。

她想了一会儿,说:"是你外公。"

外公去世前,喜欢藏小纸条。

他给家里每个人都留过点什么。

但我以前从没收到过任何一张。

纸条背面,还有一行字:

"愿你眼里永远有星星。"

我把纸条放进了我的笔记本。

也许有一天,我也会给某个人留点什么。

📚 Note 语法讲解

🎯 核心句型:复合不定代词
some/any/no/every + thing/one/body/where
📐 句型拆解
▸ 肯定句用 some- something, someone, somewhere
▸ 疑问/否定用 any- anything, anyone, anywhere
▸ no- = 没有 nothing, no one, nowhere
▸ every- = 每个 everything, everyone, everywhere
💡 例句(点击发音)
🔊 I found something interesting. 我发现了一些有趣的东西。
🔊 Everyone is happy today. 今天每个人都开心。
⚠️ 复合不定代词作主语时,动词用单数!"Everyone is" 而不是 "Everyone are"。

一、复合不定代词(something / anything / nothing / everything ...)

把 some / any / no / every 和 thing / one / body 拼起来,就成了"复合不定代词"。

完整对照表(必背):

something → 某事 / 某物  肯定句用
anything → 任何事 / 任何东西  否定/疑问用
nothing → 什么都没有  本身否定
everything → 一切;每件事  强调全部
someone / somebody → 某个人  肯定句用
anyone / anybody → 任何人  否定/疑问用
no one / nobody → 没有人  本身否定
everyone / everybody → 每个人  强调全部

课文里的例句:

I wanted to find something fun. — 我想找点有意思的东西。
Nothing special — just one line. — 没什么特别,就一行字。
To anyone who reads this book. — 给任何读到这本书的人。
He left something for everyone. — 他给每个人都留了点什么。
I had never received anything. — 我从没收到过任何东西。
Maybe one day I will leave something for someone. — 也许有一天我也会给某个人留点什么。
🎵 口诀:肯定 some,否疑 any,no 全否定,every 全肯定。

二、不定代词作主语:动词用单数

虽然 everything(一切)、everyone(每个人)听起来像复数,但语法上当单数用,后面动词加 s。

Everyone is here. — 每个人都来了。(is 单数)
Something is wrong. — 出问题了。(is 单数)
Nothing happens here. — 这里什么都没发生。(happens 单数)
Everything looks fine. — 一切看起来都好。(looks 单数)
⚠️ 记一句话:以 -thing / -one / -body 结尾的复合代词都是单数。

三、形容词放在不定代词后面(特殊语序!)

形容词修饰不定代词时,放后面,不是前面。

课文里的例子:

something fun — 有趣的东西(不是 fun something)
nothing special — 没什么特别的(不是 special nothing)

更多例子:

something delicious — 好吃的东西
anything new — 什么新东西
someone famous — 某个名人
everything possible — 一切可能的事
💡 一般情况下英语里形容词在名词前(a red apple)。但不定代词是例外,形容词在后。

四、anyone / someone + who 引导的从句

在不定代词后面用 who 引出修饰它的句子,相当于"……的人"。

To anyone who reads this book. — 给读到这本书的任何人。
There is someone who can help you. — 有人能帮你。
Everyone who came was happy. — 所有来的人都很开心。
💡 这个结构稍微高级,先理解整体意思就好。after Lesson 11 会更熟练。

🔑 Key Sentences 重点句解析

🔊
I wanted to find something fun.
我想找点有意思的东西。
1. something 肯定句用,"某物"。
2. fun(有趣的)放在 something 后面(特殊语序)。
3. 不能写 "find fun something"。
📝 即练:
填空:I want ___ ___ to eat.(甜的东西,sweet) → something sweet (不定代词后跟形容词。)
改错:I saw fun something. → something fun (形容词放后面。)
🔊
He left something for everyone in the family.
他给家里每个人都留过点什么。
1. something(某物)+ for everyone(给每个人)。
2. left = leave 的过去式(不规则)。
3. everyone 单数概念,但意思是"所有人"。
📝 即练:
填空:She gave ___ a gift.(每个人) → everyone (everyone = 每个人。)
填空:leave 的过去式是 ___ → left (leave → left(不规则)。)
🔊
I had never received anything before.
我以前从没收到过任何东西。
1. never(从未)已经表示否定。
2. anything(任何东西)用于否定句。
3. 不能用 something,因为已经有 never 表示否定。
📝 即练:
填空:I don't have ___ to say.(任何) → anything (否定句用 anything。)
改错:I never saw something. → anything (never 表否定,要用 anything。)

✏️ Practice 练习(共 10 大区块 · 语法专项 22+ 题)

📌 本课语法重点:some- / any- / no- / every- 16 个复合不定代词
🎯 10 大区块循序渐进:听 → 拼 → 语法变形 → 语法应用 → 语法综合 → 转 → 改 → 连 → 译 → 读

🔊 Practice 1 · 听音辨词(共 6 题)

点 🔊 听单词,根据提示写出英文:

1🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:阁楼)
2🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:某物)
3🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:里面)
4🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:折叠的)
5🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:便条)
6🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:没什么)

📝 Practice 2 · 单词拼写(共 6 题)

根据中文意思和首字母提示,写出完整单词:

1意思:阁楼 首字母:a _ _ _ _ →
2意思:盒子 首字母:b _ _ →
3意思:便条 首字母:n _ _ _ →
4意思:折叠 首字母:f _ _ _ _ _ →
5意思:某物 首字母:s _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ →
6意思:没什么 首字母:n _ _ _ _ _ _ →

⚡ Practice 3 · 语法基础:组合 some/any/no/every + thing/one/body/where(共 8 题)

把前缀和后缀组合成正确的复合不定代词:

1🔊some + thing = ___
→
2🔊any + thing = ___
→
3🔊no + thing = ___
→
4🔊every + thing = ___
→
5🔊some + one = ___
→
6🔊any + body = ___
→
7🔊every + where = ___
→
8🔊no + one = ___
→

🎯 Practice 4 · 语法应用:用 something / anything / nothing / everything 等填空(共 8 题)

注意区分肯定句、疑问句、否定句的用法:

1🔊I want to find fun. (肯定句)
2🔊Is there in the box? (疑问句)
3🔊There is inside. (空盒子)
4🔊 in our class loves reading. (每个人)
5🔊I didn't see in the attic. (否定句)
6🔊 is wrong with my computer. (出问题了)
7🔊She has to do today. (很多事)
8🔊 knows the answer. (没人)

✏️ Practice 5 · 语法综合:完成句子(共 6 题)

根据中文完成句子,注意单复数:

1🔊盒子里有什么吗?Is there in the box?
2🔊我想找有趣的东西。I want to find .
3🔊每个人都开心。 happy. (注意单数)
4🔊我什么也没找到。I found .
5🔊有人在敲门。 is knocking at the door.
6🔊阁楼里没人。 is in the attic.

🔄 Practice 6 · 句型转换(共 5 题)

按括号要求改写句子:

1🔊I have something to tell you. (改为否定句)
→
2🔊There is someone in the room. (改为一般疑问句)
→
3🔊I want a fun thing. (用 something 改写)
→
4🔊No one knows the answer. (用 nobody 改写)
→
5🔊Every person is here. (用 everyone 改写)
→

🔧 Practice 7 · 改错(共 5 题)

每句有一处错误,改正后写在横线上:

1Is there something interesting in the box? 🔊
→
2Nobody were home yesterday. 🔊
→
3I want fun something to do. 🔊
→
4Everyone are happy today. 🔊
→
5I didn't see somebody there. 🔊
→

🔗 Practice 8 · 连一连(共 6 对)

点击左边一个英文短语,再点击右边对应的中文。配对正确变绿色,错误会摇晃。

英文短语中文意思(已打乱)
🔊1. go up to the attic ⟷ 掉出来
🔊2. a folded note ⟷ 一张折叠的便条
🔊3. inside the box ⟷ 有趣的东西
🔊4. fell out ⟷ 盒子里面
🔊5. one by one ⟷ 一个接一个
🔊6. something interesting ⟷ 上阁楼

✍️ Practice 9 · 翻译练习(共 6 题)

前 3 题中译英,后 3 题英译中:

1盒子里有什么吗? 🔊
→
2我想找一些有趣的东西。 🔊
→
3每个人都在这里。 🔊
→
4🔊There were many old boxes there.
→
5🔊Inside the third box, I saw an old book.
→
6🔊A folded note fell out.
→

📖 Practice 10 · 阅读理解(共 4 题)

回到课文,根据课文内容用英文回答下面的问题:

1🔊Where did the speaker go?
→
2🔊What did the speaker find?
→
3🔊How many old boxes were there?
→
4🔊Where did the note come from?
→

🔍 词汇深度讲解 · 复合不定代词 some/any/no/every

some / any / no / every 和 thing / one / body / where 组合,构成 16 个复合不定代词:

thingonebodywhere
some-somethingsomeonesomebodysomewhere
any-anythinganyoneanybodyanywhere
no-nothingno onenobodynowhere
every-everythingeveryoneeverybodyeverywhere

📐 用法:
🔸 some- 用于肯定句:I found something in the box.
🔸 any- 用于疑问句/否定句:
  Is there anything in the box?
  I don't see anyone.
🔸 no- = "没有"(本身就是否定):There's nothing inside.
🔸 every- = "每个":Everyone is here.

⚠️ 重要:复合不定代词当主语时用单数 be 动词:
  ✅ Everyone is happy. ❌ Everyone are happy.
  ✅ Something is wrong.

📜 英语文化小常识 · Notes in Old Books 旧书藏故事

在旧书、二手书里找到陌生人的纸条是一种独特的浪漫——英美文化里很常见!

📚 常见的"旧书惊喜":
💌 love letters(情书)
📝 handwritten notes(手写笔记)
🌸 pressed flowers(压花标本)
📷 old photographs(旧照片)
🎫 concert tickets(演唱会票根)

📚 有名的"书中宝藏":
🏛️ 美国二手书店里发现的最贵手稿曾卖出 $1,000,000!
📖 经典电影 "84, Charing Cross Road"(《查令十字街 84 号》)—— 通过买书结识笔友的真实故事

📜 recommendation 推荐:
🏪 美国 thrift stores(旧物店)和 used bookstores(二手书店)
📚 著名连锁:Half Price Books、Goodwill

💡 文化思考:你愿意在借出的书里留一张小纸条给下一位读者吗?这是一种跨越时空的连接!🌌

🎯 本课小结 Summary

✅ 我掌握了复合不定代词(something / anything / nothing / everything ...)
✅ 我掌握了不定代词作主语:动词用单数
✅ 我掌握了形容词放在不定代词后面(特殊语序!)
✅ 我掌握了anyone / someone + who 引导的从句

🌈 下一课预告

📘 Lesson 11 · The day I met my pen pal 我见到笔友的那一天

新知识点:本章综合 · 过去时全景复习 + 本章综合 · 比较级 + 最高级

⬆️ 返回目录
📍 Chapter 14 · LESSON 11

Lesson 11 · 我见到笔友的那一天

The day I met my pen pal
📚 本章综合复习(过去时 + 比较级 + 最高级 + 不定代词)

📖 Text 课文

我见到笔友的那一天
✉️🤝✈️😊
Lesson 11
🔊Last year, I made a pen pal named Anna.
🔊She lives in another city.
🔊We wrote letters for a whole year.
🔊Last month, she finally came to visit me.
🔊I was more nervous than ever before.
🔊What if we had nothing to talk about?
🔊But the moment I saw her, all my worries disappeared.
🔊Anna was taller than I imagined,
🔊but her smile was as warm as it was in her letters.
🔊We went to the city museum together.
🔊It is the most interesting place in our city.
🔊There was an old clock — the oldest one we had ever seen.
🔊In the evening, Anna gave me something special:
🔊a photo of her hometown.
🔊We talked until midnight.
🔊Before I met her, I didn't believe you could be close to someone you only met once.
🔊Now I do.

📝 New Words and Expressions 单词与短语

单词音标词性·释义
pen pal/pen pæl/n. 笔友
named/neɪmd/v. 名叫;命名(过去分词)
another/əˈnʌðə/adj. 另一个的
wrote/rəʊt/v. 写(过去式)
whole/həʊl/adj. 整个的
finally/ˈfaɪnəli/adv. 终于;最后
visit/ˈvɪzɪt/v. 看望;参观
nervous/ˈnɜːvəs/adj. 紧张的
ever/ˈevə/adv. 曾经;以往
imagined/ɪˈmædʒɪnd/v. 想象(过去式)
smile/smaɪl/n./v. 微笑
warm/wɔːm/adj. 温暖的
museum/mjuˈzɪəm/n. 博物馆
clock/klɒk/n. 钟
oldest/ˈəʊldɪst/adj. 最老的;最古老的
hometown/ˌhəʊmˈtaʊn/n. 家乡
midnight/ˈmɪdnaɪt/n. 半夜;午夜
close/kləʊs/adj. 亲近的;近的
💡 词汇详解(点击单词或例句可朗读)
pen paln.笔友

用法:pen(笔)+ pal(朋友)

a pen pal named Anna — 一个叫安娜的笔友

💡 类似:friend 朋友

namedv.名叫;命名(过去分词)

用法:name + d,常作"叫……的"

a friend named Sam — 一个叫山姆的朋友

💡 近义:called 叫……的

anotheradj.另一个的

用法:an + other

another city — 另一个城市

💡 相关:other 其他的

wrotev.写(过去式)

用法:write → wrote,<strong>不规则</strong>

We wrote letters. — 我们写信。

💡 write (现在) / wrote (过去)

wholeadj.整个的

用法:a whole year = 整整一年

a whole year — 整整一年

💡 近义:entire 整个

finallyadv.终于;最后

用法:final + ly

She finally came. — 她终于来了。

💡 近义:at last 终于

visitv.看望;参观

用法:过去式 visited

come to visit me — 来看我

💡 类似:see 见

nervousadj.紧张的

用法:心里慌的感觉

I was nervous. — 我紧张。

💡 反义:calm 平静的

everadv.曾经;以往

用法:than ever before = 比以往任何时候

more nervous than ever — 比以往更紧张

💡 反义:never 从不

imaginedv.想象(过去式)

用法:imagine + d → imagined

taller than I imagined — 比我想象的高

💡 原形:imagine

smilen./v.微笑

用法:名词或动词都行

her smile — 她的笑容

💡 动词过去式:smiled

warmadj.温暖的

用法:可形容温度,也形容感觉

warm smile — 温暖的笑容

💡 反义:cold 冷的

museumn.博物馆

用法:展示文物的地方

go to the museum — 去博物馆

💡 类似:library 图书馆

clockn.钟

用法:看时间的装置

an old clock — 一座老钟

💡 类似:watch 表

oldestadj.最老的;最古老的

用法:old + est → oldest

the oldest one — 最古老的那个

💡 原级:old

hometownn.家乡

用法:home(家)+ town(镇)

her hometown — 她的家乡

💡 类似:village 村庄

midnightn.半夜;午夜

用法:mid(中)+ night(夜)

until midnight — 直到半夜

💡 反义:noon 中午

closeadj.亲近的;近的

用法:关系亲近 / 距离近

be close to someone — 和某人很近 / 亲近

💡 反义:far 远

📝 Phrases 重点短语

这些是本课必须掌握的短语和表达,点击听发音,反复跟读:

🔊 a pen pal named Anna
一个叫安娜的笔友
🔊 live in another city
住在另一个城市
🔊 write letters for a whole year
写了一整年的信
🔊 come to visit
来拜访
🔊 be more nervous than ever before
比以往任何时候都更紧张
🔊 What if...?
万一……怎么办?
🔊 the happiest day of my life
我生命中最快乐的一天

🇨🇳 参考译文

去年,我交了一个笔友,叫安娜。

她住在另一个城市。我们写了整整一年的信。

上个月,她终于来看我了。

我从没那么紧张过。

万一我们没什么可聊的?

但我看见她的那一刻,所有担心都消失了。

安娜比我想象的高,

但她的笑容和信里一样温暖。

我们一起去了城市博物馆。

那是我们城市最有意思的地方。

那里有一座老钟——是我们见过最古老的。

晚上,安娜给了我一个特别的东西:

一张她家乡的照片。

我们聊到了半夜。

见到她以前,我不相信你能跟一个只见过一次的人那么熟。

现在我相信了。

📚 Note 语法讲解

🎯 核心句型:本章综合复习
过去时 + 比较级 + 最高级 + 不定代词
📐 句型拆解
▸ 过去时 was/were, -ed, did, didn't
▸ 比较级 -er, more, than
▸ 最高级 the -est, the most
▸ 不定代词 some-/any-/no-/every-
💡 例句(点击发音)
🔊 That was the happiest day of my life. 那是我一生最快乐的一天。
🔊 I told everyone about my pen pal. 我把笔友的事告诉了所有人。
🔄 把第十四章学的所有语法点综合起来用,做到融会贯通。

一、本章综合 · 过去时全景复习

过去时主要看 4 种句子:肯定 / 否定 / 一般疑问 / 特殊疑问。be 动词和一般动词分别有自己的规则。

1. 肯定句

I made a pen pal last year. — 我去年交了一个笔友。(make → made)
She was tall. — 她(那时)个子高。(is → was)

2. 否定句

I didn't believe it before. — 我以前不相信。(didn't + 原形)
She wasn't shy. — 她(那时)不害羞。(wasn't)

3. 一般疑问句

Did you write to her? — 你给她写信了吗?(Did + 原形)
Were you nervous? — 你(那时)紧张吗?

4. 特殊疑问句

When did she come? — 她什么时候来的?
Where was the museum? — 博物馆在哪?
🎵 记一句话:肯定 was/were/-ed/不规则;否定 didn't/wasn't/weren't;疑问 Did/Was/Were 提到前面。

二、本章综合 · 比较级 + 最高级

两个比 → 用比较级 + than;三个或以上比 → 用 the + 最高级。

课文里的比较级:

I was more nervous than ever before. — 我比以往任何时候都紧张。
Anna was taller than I imagined. — 安娜比我想象的高。
Her smile was as warm as it was in her letters. — 她的笑容和信里一样温暖。

课文里的最高级:

It is the most interesting place in our city. — 那是我们城市最有意思的地方。
The oldest one we had ever seen. — 我们见过最古老的。

三种比较结构对比:

as + 原级 + as → as warm as it was  一样……(同等)
比较级 + than → taller than I imagined  比……更…(差异)
the + 最高级 + in/of → the most interesting in our city  最…(顶级)

三、本章综合 · 不定代词

复合不定代词的用法在课文里都有体现。

What if we had nothing to talk about? — 万一我们没什么可聊的?(nothing)
All my worries disappeared. — 我所有的担心都消失了。(all)
Anna gave me something special. — 安娜给了我一个特别的东西。(something special)
Someone you only met once. — 一个只见过一次的人。(someone)
💡 形容词放在不定代词后:nothing to talk about / something special。

四、as + 原级 + as(一样……)

表示"一样……"用 as + 原级 + as。否定形式 not as ... as 表示"不如……"。

Her smile was as warm as it was in her letters. — 她的笑容和信里一样温暖。
I am as tall as you. — 我和你一样高。
This book is as good as that one. — 这本书和那本一样好。

否定形式:not as ... as = 不如……

I am not as tall as my brother. — 我不如哥哥高。
⚠️ as ... as 中间用原级(tall),不是比较级(taller)!

🔑 Key Sentences 重点句解析

🔊
I was more nervous than ever before.
我从没那么紧张过。
1. more nervous:nervous 多音节,比较级加 more。
2. than ever before = 比以往任何时候。
3. 这是最高程度的表达,比单纯说"很紧张"更强。
📝 即练:
填空:nervous 的比较级是 ___ → more nervous (多音节加 more。)
翻译:我比以往任何时候都开心。 I am ___ ___ ___ ever. → happier than (happier than ever。)
🔊
It is the most interesting place in our city.
那是我们城市最有意思的地方。
1. the most interesting:interesting 多音节,最高级加 most。
2. in our city:范围用 in。
3. 最高级前必须有 the。
📝 即练:
填空:It is ___ ___ ___ book in the library.(最有意思的) → the most interesting (最高级 + in。)
改错:It is most interesting place. → the most interesting (最高级前要加 the。)
🔊
Her smile was as warm as it was in her letters.
她的笑容和信里一样温暖。
1. as warm as = 一样温暖。
2. as ... as 中间用原级(warm),不用比较级。
3. 第二个 as 后面是从句(it was in her letters)。
📝 即练:
填空:I am as ___ as you.(聪明) → smart (as + 原级 + as。)
改错:I am as taller as you. → tall (as 中间用原级。)

✏️ Practice 练习(共 10 大区块 · 语法专项 22+ 题)

📌 本课语法重点:过去时 + 比较级 + 最高级 + 复合不定代词
🎯 10 大区块循序渐进:听 → 拼 → 语法变形 → 语法应用 → 语法综合 → 转 → 改 → 连 → 译 → 读

🔊 Practice 1 · 听音辨词(共 6 题)

点 🔊 听单词,根据提示写出英文:

1🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:笔友)
2🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:整个)
3🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:最终)
4🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:拜访)
5🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:紧张的)
6🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:另一个)

📝 Practice 2 · 单词拼写(共 6 题)

根据中文意思和首字母提示,写出完整单词:

1意思:笔友 首字母:p _ _ _ _ _ _ →
2意思:整个的 首字母:w _ _ _ _ →
3意思:最终 首字母:f _ _ _ _ _ _ →
4意思:紧张的 首字母:n _ _ _ _ _ _ →
5意思:拜访 首字母:v _ _ _ _ →
6意思:另一个 首字母:a _ _ _ _ _ _ →

⚡ Practice 3 · 语法基础:综合操练:过去式、比较级、最高级、不定代词(共 8 题)

判断每题考什么语法点,并填出正确形式:

1🔊write → ___ (过去式)
→
2🔊happy → ___ (最高级)
→
3🔊nervous → ___ (比较级)
→
4🔊every + one = ___ (复合)
→
5🔊see → ___ (过去式)
→
6🔊exciting → ___ (最高级)
→
7🔊short → ___ (比较级)
→
8🔊some + thing = ___ (复合)
→

🎯 Practice 4 · 语法应用:用括号词的正确形式填空(共 8 题)

注意时态、级别变化、复合不定代词:

1🔊Last year, I a pen pal. (make)
2🔊We letters for a whole year. (write)
3🔊I was than ever before. (nervous)
4🔊That was the day of my life. (happy)
5🔊 in my class has a pen pal. (every)
6🔊We a great time together. (have)
7🔊She is than me. (short)
8🔊Is there from her? (any)

✏️ Practice 5 · 语法综合:完成句子(综合)(共 6 题)

根据中文完成英文(综合运用本章 4 大语法点):

1🔊她住在另一个城市。She lives in .
2🔊我们写了一整年的信。We wrote letters for .
3🔊我比以往任何时候都紧张。I was ever before.
4🔊那是我生命中最快乐的一天。It was of my life.
5🔊我告诉了所有人。I told .
6🔊她比我矮但更爱说话。She was me but .

🔄 Practice 6 · 句型转换(共 5 题)

按括号要求改写句子:

1🔊She lives in a city. The city is different. (用 another 合并)
→
2🔊We wrote letters. For the whole year. (合并)
→
3🔊I am nervous. (改为"比以往更紧张")
→
4🔊It was a happy day. (改为最高级"我生命中最快乐的一天")
→
5🔊I have a pen pal. (改为一般疑问句)
→

🔧 Practice 7 · 改错(共 5 题)

每句有一处错误,改正后写在横线上:

1I writed letters to my pen pal. 🔊
→
2She lives in other city. 🔊
→
3It was happiest day. 🔊
→
4I was more nervouser. 🔊
→
5Everyone are here. 🔊
→

🔗 Practice 8 · 连一连(共 6 对)

点击左边一个英文短语,再点击右边对应的中文。配对正确变绿色,错误会摇晃。

英文短语中文意思(已打乱)
🔊1. pen pal ⟷ 终于见面
🔊2. another city ⟷ 最快乐的一天
🔊3. a whole year ⟷ 更紧张
🔊4. finally met ⟷ 另一个城市
🔊5. more nervous ⟷ 整整一年
🔊6. the happiest day ⟷ 笔友

✍️ Practice 9 · 翻译练习(共 6 题)

前 3 题中译英,后 3 题英译中:

1我有一个叫安娜的笔友。 🔊
→
2她住在另一个城市。 🔊
→
3那是我生命中最快乐的一天。 🔊
→
4🔊We wrote letters for a whole year.
→
5🔊I was more nervous than ever before.
→
6🔊She was shorter than me but more talkative.
→

📖 Practice 10 · 阅读理解(共 4 题)

回到课文,根据课文内容用英文回答下面的问题:

1🔊Who is Anna?
→
2🔊How long did they write letters?
→
3🔊How did the speaker feel before meeting?
→
4🔊What was the meeting day like?
→

🔍 词汇深度讲解 · Chapter 14 时态综合 · 一表看懂

Chapter 14 是大综合 — 4 个语法点串起来:

🕐 ① 过去时(was/were + did + 不规则动词)
  I was 9 years old. I wrote my first letter.

📏 ② 比较级(-er / more)
  My handwriting is better than his.

🏆 ③ 最高级(the -est / the most)
  That was the most exciting day of my life.

🔍 ④ 复合不定代词
  I told everyone about my pen pal.

🎯 怎么把它们组合起来用?
看课文: "My pen pal lived in another city. I wrote to her for a whole year. Finally, we met! She was shorter than me but more talkative. It was the happiest day."

💡 看到了吗?一段话里同时有过去式(lived/wrote)、比较级(shorter/more talkative)、最高级(happiest)、不定代词(another/whole)。

✉️ 英语文化小常识 · Pen Pals 笔友文化

Pen pal(笔友)—— 通过写信交朋友——是英美非常重要的童年文化!

📮 笔友的历史:
📜 从 20 世纪初开始,西方孩子开始与其他国家的孩子通信,学语言、交朋友。
✈️ 长时间通信后第一次见面,是非常激动的时刻——课文里 Lily 的故事!

💌 典型笔友信件内容:
👋 Dear [Name],
How are you? My name is...

🏫 介绍自己学校、家庭、兴趣
📷 附上自己的照片
🎁 偶尔寄小礼物(书签、贴纸)

🌍 现代笔友:
很多组织(如 InterPals、Global Penfriends)让全球小朋友安全交笔友。

📚 经典笔友书:
📖 "Dear America" 系列 —— 通过虚构日记体小说讲历史
📖 "P.S. Longer Letter Later" —— 两个女孩通过信件维持友谊的故事

💡 "It was the happiest day of my life when we finally met." —— 这种友谊跨越时间的感觉,只有笔友能体会!

🎯 本课小结 Summary

✅ 我掌握了本章综合 · 过去时全景复习
✅ 我掌握了本章综合 · 比较级 + 最高级
✅ 我掌握了本章综合 · 不定代词
✅ 我掌握了as + 原级 + as(一样……)

🌈 下一课预告

📘 Lesson 12 · First day at the new school 转学第一天

新知识点:问路常用句型 + 指路常用句型

⬆️ 返回目录
CHAPTER 15

交际用语 · 问路 / 购物 / 看病

Daily Conversations · Directions, Shopping & Hospital Visits
📚 包含 Lesson 12 - 14
📍 Chapter 15 · LESSON 12

Lesson 12 · 转学第一天

First day at the new school
📚 交际用语 · 问路 / 方位

📖 Text 课文

转学第一天
🏫🎒👋📚
Lesson 12
🔊Today is my first day at the new school.
🔊Everything is new.
🔊I don't know where anything is.
🔊In the morning, I asked the teacher, "Excuse me, where is the bathroom?"
🔊The teacher said, "Go down the hall.
🔊It's on your right."
🔊At lunchtime, I asked a classmate, "How do I get to the cafeteria?"
🔊She smiled and said, "Come with me!
🔊I'll show you the way."
🔊After school, I couldn't find Gate B.
🔊I asked the guard, "Excuse me, how can I get to Gate B?"
🔊He said, "Go straight, then turn right at the second corner."
🔊At the bus stop, I asked an old lady, "Which bus goes to Garden Street?"
🔊She said, "Bus 15.
🔊It comes every half hour."
🔊In bed at night, I thought:
🔊I asked so many questions today, but everyone was kind to me.
🔊Tomorrow I want to leave home a little earlier —
🔊maybe I can help a new student who looks as nervous as I did.

📝 New Words and Expressions 单词与短语

单词音标词性·释义
excuse me/ɪkˈskjuːz miː/phrase 请问;打扰一下
bathroom/ˈbɑːθruːm/n. 洗手间;卫生间
hall/hɔːl/n. 走廊;大厅
right/raɪt/n./adj. 右边;对的
left/left/n./adj. 左边
cafeteria/ˌkæfəˈtɪəriə/n. 食堂
classmate/ˈklɑːsmeɪt/n. 同学
gate/ɡeɪt/n. 大门
guard/ɡɑːd/n. 门卫;保安
straight/streɪt/adv./adj. 直地;直的
corner/ˈkɔːnə/n. 路口;拐角
bus stop/bʌs stɒp/n. 公交站
lady/ˈleɪdi/n. 女士;夫人
street/striːt/n. 街道
half/hɑːf/n. 一半
kind/kaɪnd/adj. 善良的;友好的
earlier/ˈɜːliə/adv. 更早地
💡 词汇详解(点击单词或例句可朗读)
excuse mephrase请问;打扰一下

用法:问陌生人前的礼貌话

Excuse me, where is...? — 请问……在哪里?

💡 近义:sorry to bother

bathroomn.洗手间;卫生间

用法:上厕所的地方

where is the bathroom — 洗手间在哪里

💡 近义:toilet 厕所

halln.走廊;大厅

用法:楼里的长通道

go down the hall — 沿走廊走

💡 类似:corridor 走廊

rightn./adj.右边;对的

用法:on your right = 在你右边

on your right — 在你右边

💡 反义:left 左边

leftn./adj.左边

用法:on your left = 在你左边

on your left — 在你左边

💡 反义:right 右边

cafeterian.食堂

用法:学校吃饭的地方

school cafeteria — 学校食堂

💡 近义:canteen 食堂

classmaten.同学

用法:class(班)+ mate(伙伴)

a classmate — 一个同学

💡 类似:friend 朋友

gaten.大门

用法:建筑或学校的入口大门

Gate B — B 门

💡 类似:door 门

guardn.门卫;保安

用法:看大门的人

asked the guard — 问门卫

💡 近义:security 保安

straightadv./adj.直地;直的

用法:go straight = 直走

Go straight. — 直走。

💡 反义:turn 转

cornern.路口;拐角

用法:路转弯的地方

at the second corner — 在第二个路口

💡 类似:crossing 十字路口

bus stopn.公交站

用法:bus + stop

at the bus stop — 在公交站

💡 类似:station 车站

ladyn.女士;夫人

用法:尊敬的称呼成年女性

an old lady — 一位老奶奶

💡 反义:gentleman 先生

streetn.街道

用法:Garden Street = 花园街

Garden Street — 花园街

💡 类似:road 路

halfn.一半

用法:half hour = 半小时

every half hour — 每半小时

💡 相关:whole 整个

kindadj.善良的;友好的

用法:搭配 be kind to sb.

kind to me — 对我友好

💡 近义:nice 好的

earlieradv.更早地

用法:early → earlier

a little earlier — 稍早一点

💡 反义:later 更晚

📝 Phrases 重点短语

这些是本课必须掌握的短语和表达,点击听发音,反复跟读:

🔊 the first day at school
在学校的第一天
🔊 Excuse me
打扰一下
🔊 Where is the bathroom?
洗手间在哪?
🔊 go down the hall
沿走廊走
🔊 turn left / right
左/右转
🔊 on your right
在你右边
🔊 next to / across from
紧挨着/在……对面
🔊 Thank you so much!
非常感谢!

🇨🇳 参考译文

今天是我转学的第一天。

一切都是新的。我不知道什么东西在哪儿。

早上,我问老师:"对不起,请问洗手间在哪里?"

老师说:"走过走廊,在你右边。"

午饭时间,我问一个同学:"食堂怎么走?"

她笑着说:"跟我来!我带你去。"

放学后,我找不到 B 门。

我问门卫:"对不起,B 门怎么走?"

他说:"直走,在第二个路口右转。"

在公交站,我问一位老奶奶:"哪辆车到花园街?"

她说:"15 路。半小时一趟。"

晚上躺在床上,我想:

我今天问了好多问题,但每个人都对我很好。

明天我想早点出门——

也许我能帮一个像我昨天一样紧张的新同学。

📚 Note 语法讲解

🎯 核心句型:问路 / 方位
Excuse me, where is + 地点 ? / Go straight / Turn left / right
📐 句型拆解
▸ 问路 Excuse me, where is...?
▸ 指路 Go straight / Turn left / right
▸ 方位词 next to, across from, between
💡 例句(点击发音)
🔊 Excuse me, where is the bathroom? 打扰一下,洗手间在哪?
🔊 Go down the hall, turn left. 沿走廊走,然后左转。
🙋 问路前先说 "Excuse me",最礼貌的英语开场!

一、问路常用句型

想问路?这几个句型反复用就够了。前面加 Excuse me 显得有礼貌。

1. 问"……在哪里?"

Excuse me, where is the bathroom? — 请问,洗手间在哪里?
Where is the bus stop? — 公交站在哪里?

2. 问"怎么去……?"

How do I get to the cafeteria? — 食堂怎么走?
How can I get to Gate B? — B 门怎么走?
Could you tell me how to get to the museum? — 能告诉我博物馆怎么走吗?(更礼貌)

3. 问"哪辆车 / 哪条路?"

Which bus goes to Garden Street? — 哪辆车到花园街?
Which way is the school? — 学校往哪边走?

4. 问"远不远?"

Is it far from here? — 离这里远吗?
How far is it? — 有多远?
🎵 问路必备 4 句:Where is...? / How do I get to...? / Which bus...? / Is it far?

二、指路常用句型

别人问你路怎么走,用这几个动词就够了:go / turn / take。

1. 直走 / 转弯

Go straight. — 直走。
Go down the hall. — 沿走廊走。
Turn left. — 左转。
Turn right at the second corner. — 在第二个路口右转。

2. 在……边

It's on your left. — 它在你左边。
It's on your right. — 它在你右边。
It's next to the school. — 它在学校旁边。
It's across from the bank. — 它在银行对面。

3. 坐车的指引

Take Bus 15. — 坐 15 路车。
It comes every half hour. — 半小时一趟。
💡 指路常常用祈使句(动词原形开头),简洁直接:Go straight. Turn left.

三、arrive / reach / get to(到达,三个近义词)

"到达"有 3 种说法,用法略不同。

1. arrive at + 小地点 / arrive in + 大地点

arrive at the school 到学校 — 小地方用 at
arrive in Beijing 到北京 — 大地方用 in

2. reach + 地点(强调"到达目的地",正式)

We reached the top. — 我们到达了山顶。

3. get to + 地点(口语最常用)

How do I get to the bus stop? — 公交站怎么走?
I got to school at 8. — 我 8 点到的学校。
💡 口语首选 get to,写作可以用 arrive。reach 比较正式。

🔑 Key Sentences 重点句解析

🔊
Excuse me, where is the bathroom?
请问,洗手间在哪里?
1. Excuse me 是问陌生人前的礼貌开场。
2. Where is + 单数。
3. 复数则用 Where are:Where are the bathrooms?
📝 即练:
填空:___ ___, where is the bus stop?(请问) → Excuse me (Excuse me 礼貌开头。)
改错:Where are the bathroom? → is (bathroom 单数 → is。)
🔊
How do I get to the cafeteria?
食堂怎么走?
1. 句型:How do I get to + 地点?
2. get to = 到达(口语常用)。
3. 也可以说 How can I get to...?(更委婉)
📝 即练:
填空:How ___ I get to the library? → do (How do I get to...?)
翻译:博物馆怎么走? How do I ___ ___ the museum? → get to (get to + 地点。)
🔊
Go straight, then turn right at the second corner.
直走,在第二个路口右转。
1. Go straight = 直走(祈使句)。
2. turn right = 右转。
3. at the second corner = 在第二个路口(at + 具体点)。
📝 即练:
填空:___ ___ at the corner.(左转) → Turn left (左转 = Turn left。)
翻译:直走,然后在路口右转。 ___ ___, then turn right at the corner. → Go straight (Go straight 直走。)

✏️ Practice 练习(共 10 大区块 · 语法专项 22+ 题)

📌 本课语法重点:问路常用句型 + 方位介词
🎯 10 大区块循序渐进:听 → 拼 → 语法变形 → 语法应用 → 语法综合 → 转 → 改 → 连 → 译 → 读

🔊 Practice 1 · 听音辨词(共 6 题)

点 🔊 听单词,根据提示写出英文:

1🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:打扰一下)
2🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:洗手间)
3🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:大厅/走廊)
4🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:食堂)
5🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:右边)
6🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:左边)

📝 Practice 2 · 单词拼写(共 6 题)

根据中文意思和首字母提示,写出完整单词:

1意思:洗手间 首字母:b _ _ _ _ _ _ _ →
2意思:走廊 首字母:h _ _ _ →
3意思:食堂 首字母:c _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ →
4意思:大门 首字母:g _ _ _ →
5意思:同学 首字母:c _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ →
6意思:对面 首字母:a _ _ _ _ _ →

⚡ Practice 3 · 语法基础:常用问路 / 方位短语补全(共 8 题)

补全下面的常用短语:

1🔊Excuse ___ (打扰一下)
→
2🔊Turn ___ (左转)
→
3🔊Turn ___ (右转)
→
4🔊Go ___ (直走)
→
5🔊___ ___ (在……旁边)
→
6🔊___ ___ (在……对面)
→
7🔊___ ___ ___ (在……尽头)
→
8🔊on your ___ (在你右边)
→

🎯 Practice 4 · 语法应用:问路对话填空(共 8 题)

把下面对话补完整:

1🔊A: , where is the bathroom?
2🔊B: the hall and left.
3🔊A: the library?
4🔊B: It's the cafeteria.
5🔊A: How do I the gate?
6🔊B: Go straight, it's on your .
7🔊A: the classroom?
8🔊B: It's the office.

✏️ Practice 5 · 语法综合:完成句子(共 6 题)

根据中文完成英文:

1🔊打扰一下,洗手间在哪? , where is the bathroom?
2🔊直走然后右转。Go , then .
3🔊图书馆在食堂旁边。The library is the cafeteria.
4🔊教室在大门对面。The classroom is the gate.
5🔊我是新生。I am new .
6🔊谢谢你的帮助。Thank you .

🔄 Practice 6 · 句型转换(共 5 题)

按括号要求改写句子:

1🔊Where is the bathroom? (加"打扰一下"开头)
→
2🔊You turn left. (改为指令)
→
3🔊You go straight. (改为指令)
→
4🔊Tell me where the cafeteria is. (改为礼貌问句)
→
5🔊The library is in the building. (加"在你右边")
→

🔧 Practice 7 · 改错(共 5 题)

每句有一处错误,改正后写在横线上:

1Excuse, where is the bathroom? 🔊
→
2Turn the left. 🔊
→
3Go to straight. 🔊
→
4The library is in the next to gate. 🔊
→
5I am new the here. 🔊
→

🔗 Practice 8 · 连一连(共 6 对)

点击左边一个英文短语,再点击右边对应的中文。配对正确变绿色,错误会摇晃。

英文短语中文意思(已打乱)
🔊1. Excuse me ⟷ 在……对面
🔊2. go straight ⟷ 直走
🔊3. turn left ⟷ 左转
🔊4. turn right ⟷ 紧挨着
🔊5. next to ⟷ 打扰一下
🔊6. across from ⟷ 右转

✍️ Practice 9 · 翻译练习(共 6 题)

前 3 题中译英,后 3 题英译中:

1打扰一下,洗手间在哪? 🔊
→
2直走然后右转。 🔊
→
3图书馆在食堂旁边。 🔊
→
4🔊Today is my first day at the new school.
→
5🔊I don't know where anything is.
→
6🔊Go down the hall and turn left.
→

📖 Practice 10 · 阅读理解(共 4 题)

回到课文,根据课文内容用英文回答下面的问题:

1🔊Is the speaker new at school?
→
2🔊What did the speaker ask first?
→
3🔊How does the teacher describe the way?
→
4🔊Why does the speaker feel everything is new?
→

🔍 词汇深度讲解 · 问路 · 方位指引必备短语

问路是非常实用的交际用语——必备模板:

🙋 礼貌开场:
  Excuse me, where is the bathroom?
  Could you tell me where the cafeteria is?

🧭 常用方位词:
  turn left / right(左转/右转)
  go straight(直走)
  at the end of the hall(在走廊尽头)
  on your left / right(在你左边/右边)
  next to the library(在图书馆旁边)
  across from the gate(在大门对面)
  between A and B(在 A 和 B 之间)

🙏 感谢回应:
  A: Thank you so much!
  B: You're welcome! / No problem! / Anytime!

💡 实用小贴士:在英美问路前先说 "Excuse me",比直接 "Where is..." 礼貌得多!

🏫 英语文化小常识 · First Day at New School 转学第一天

Transferring schools(转学)—— 在美国家庭里是常见的事(爸妈换工作、搬家等)。新学校的"第一天"既紧张又兴奋!

🎒 典型场景:
📚 拿到新课本、新储物柜(locker)
🗺️ 找教室、食堂、卫生间——很容易迷路!
👋 老师介绍新生:"This is our new classmate..."
🍕 午餐时找位置坐(这个最难!)

💡 "Buddy System" 伙伴制度:
美国学校通常给新生指定一个 buddy(伙伴)—— 帮你找路、介绍朋友、回答问题。课文里"问路"就是新生的必经过程!

📜 问路必备短语:
🙋 "Excuse me, where is the bathroom?"
🙋 "How do I get to the cafeteria?"
🙋 "Is this the way to the library?"

📺 经典转学电影:
🎬 "Mean Girls"(《贱女孩》)—— 转学到新学校的青春故事
🎬 "Diary of a Wimpy Kid"(《小屁孩日记》)

💡 在美国,主动打招呼是融入新环境的关键!"Hi, I'm new here. What's your name?"

🎯 本课小结 Summary

✅ 我掌握了问路常用句型
✅ 我掌握了指路常用句型
✅ 我掌握了arrive / reach / get to(到达,三个近义词)

🌈 下一课预告

📘 Lesson 13 · Buying a present for Mom 给妈妈买生日礼物

新知识点:店员常用句 + 顾客常用句

⬆️ 返回目录
📍 Chapter 15 · LESSON 13

Lesson 13 · 给妈妈买生日礼物

Buying a present for Mom
📚 交际用语 · 购物对话

📖 Text 课文

给妈妈买生日礼物
🎁💐🛍️💝
Lesson 13
🔊Mom's birthday is this Saturday.
🔊My little sister Lily and I went to the store together.
🔊A shop assistant came over and said, "May I help you?"
🔊"Yes," I said. "We're looking for a present for our mom."
🔊"What does she like?" the assistant asked.
🔊Lily said, "She loves flowers and books."
🔊The assistant showed us a vase.
🔊I said, "It's too expensive."
🔊Then she showed us a bookmark.
🔊Lily said, "It's too small."
🔊"How about this scarf?" the assistant said.
🔊"It's 50 yuan, and it's 30% off today."
🔊Lily and I checked our pockets.
🔊"We have 40 yuan and 5 coins," I said.
🔊The assistant smiled. "That's enough! 35 yuan for you."
🔊On the way home, Lily whispered, "Do you think Mom will like it?"
🔊I held her hand. "She will — because we bought it together."

📝 New Words and Expressions 单词与短语

单词音标词性·释义
present/ˈpreznt/n. 礼物
store/stɔː/n. 商店
shop assistant/ʃɒp əˈsɪstənt/n. 店员;售货员
help/help/v. 帮助
looking for/ˈlʊkɪŋ fɔː/phrase 正在找
vase/vɑːz/n. 花瓶
expensive/ɪkˈspensɪv/adj. 贵的
bookmark/ˈbʊkmɑːk/n. 书签
scarf/skɑːf/n. 围巾
yuan/jʊˈɑːn/n. 元(人民币)
off/ɒf/prep. 减;折
coin/kɔɪn/n. 硬币
enough/ɪˈnʌf/adj./adv. 足够的
whispered/ˈwɪspəd/v. 小声说(过去式)
together/təˈɡeðə/adv. 一起
💡 词汇详解(点击单词或例句可朗读)
presentn.礼物

用法:常用名词,可数

a present for Mom — 给妈妈的礼物

💡 近义:gift 礼物

storen.商店

用法:美式商店

go to the store — 去商店

💡 近义:shop 商店(英式)

shop assistantn.店员;售货员

用法:shop(店)+ assistant(助手)

a shop assistant — 一个店员

💡 类似:clerk 店员(美式)

helpv.帮助

用法:May I help you? = 您要点什么?

May I help you? — 需要帮忙吗?

💡 近义:assist 帮助

looking forphrase正在找

用法:look for 的进行时

looking for a present — 在找礼物

💡 近义:searching for

vasen.花瓶

用法:装花的容器

showed us a vase — 给我们看花瓶

💡 类似:bowl 碗

expensiveadj.贵的

用法:反义词 cheap

too expensive — 太贵了

💡 反义:cheap 便宜的

bookmarkn.书签

用法:book(书)+ mark(标记)

a bookmark — 一个书签

💡 类似:book 书

scarfn.围巾

用法:冬天围在脖子上

this scarf — 这条围巾

💡 类似:hat 帽子

yuann.元(人民币)

用法:中国货币单位

50 yuan — 50 元

💡 类似:dollar 美元

offprep.减;折

用法:30% off = 七折(减 30%)

30% off — 7 折

💡 相关:discount 折扣

coinn.硬币

用法:金属做的钱

5 coins — 5 个硬币

💡 相关:bill 纸币

enoughadj./adv.足够的

用法:"够了"

That's enough. — 够了。

💡 反义:not enough 不够

whisperedv.小声说(过去式)

用法:whisper + ed → whispered

Lily whispered. — 莉莉小声说。

💡 反义:shouted 大喊

togetheradv.一起

用法:do sth. together = 一起做

bought it together — 一起买的

💡 反义:alone 独自

📝 Phrases 重点短语

这些是本课必须掌握的短语和表达,点击听发音,反复跟读:

🔊 Mom's birthday
妈妈的生日
🔊 a shop assistant
一个店员
🔊 May I help you?
需要帮忙吗?
🔊 I'm looking for...
我在找……
🔊 What does she like?
她喜欢什么?
🔊 How much is it?
多少钱?
🔊 a bit expensive
有点贵
🔊 I'll take it!
我要这个!

🇨🇳 参考译文

妈妈的生日是这周六。

我和妹妹莉莉一起去商店。

一位店员走过来说:"请问需要帮忙吗?"

"是的,"我说。"我们在给妈妈找礼物。"

"她喜欢什么?"店员问。

莉莉说:"她喜欢花和书。"

店员给我们看了一个花瓶。我说:"太贵了。"

然后她给我们看了一个书签。莉莉说:"太小了。"

"这条围巾怎么样?"店员说。

"50 块钱,今天打 7 折。"

我和莉莉摸了摸口袋。

"我们有 40 块和 5 个硬币,"我说。

店员笑了。"够了!算你们 35 块。"

回家路上,莉莉小声说:"你觉得妈妈会喜欢吗?"

我握住她的手。"她会的——因为这是我们俩一起买的。"

📚 Note 语法讲解

🎯 核心句型:购物对话
May I help you? / I'm looking for + 物品 / How much is it?
📐 句型拆解
▸ 店员开场 May I help you?
▸ 顾客需求 I'm looking for...
▸ 问价 How much is it?
▸ 提建议 How about...?
💡 例句(点击发音)
🔊 I'm looking for a birthday present. 我在找生日礼物。
🔊 How about this bookmark? 这个书签怎么样?
💰 too expensive = 太贵了(贬义);very expensive = 很贵(中性)。

一、店员常用句

在英文商店里,店员会用这几句话问候和介绍。

1. 打招呼 / 问需求

May I help you? — 请问需要帮忙吗?
Can I help you? — 请问需要帮忙吗?(更随意)
What can I do for you? — 请问您要点什么?

2. 询问需求 / 介绍商品

What does she like? — 她喜欢什么?
How about this scarf? — 这条围巾怎么样?
Would you like to try it on? — 您要试穿吗?

3. 报价 / 折扣

It's 50 yuan. — 50 元。
It's 30% off today. — 今天打 7 折(减 30%)。
That's enough! 35 yuan for you. — 够了!算你们 35 块。
💡 30% off = 减 30%(也就是付 70%,相当于"打 7 折")。

二、顾客常用句

作为顾客,这几句话会让你在商店畅通无阻。

1. 说明需求

I'm looking for a present. — 我在找一个礼物。
I'd like a blue scarf. — 我想要一条蓝色的围巾。

2. 问价 / 询问

How much is it? — 这个多少钱?
Do you have it in another color? — 有别的颜色吗?
Can I try it on? — 我能试穿吗?

3. 评价 / 决定

It's too expensive. — 太贵了。
It's too small / too big. — 太小了 / 太大了。
I'll take it. — 我买了。

4. 付款

I'll pay by card. — 我刷卡。
I'll pay in cash. — 我付现金。
🎵 顾客必备 3 句:I'm looking for... / How much is it? / I'll take it.

三、too + 形容词("太……",含贬义)

too + 形容词表示程度过头了,常常带否定意味。

It's too expensive. — 太贵了。(买不起 / 不愿买)
It's too small. — 太小了。(不合适)
The soup is too hot. — 汤太烫了。(喝不了)

对比:very vs too

very expensive(很贵) → 只是描述  中性
too expensive(太贵) → 过头了  负面
⚠️ too 不是 very。"very expensive 但还能接受","too expensive 就是买不起"。

四、How about ...?(提建议)

How about + 名词 / -ing = ……怎么样?(提建议)

How about this scarf? — 这条围巾怎么样?
How about the red one? — 红色那条怎么样?
How about going to the park? — 去公园怎么样?
How about a cup of tea? — 来杯茶怎么样?
💡 What about 跟 How about 意思一样,可以换用。

🔑 Key Sentences 重点句解析

🔊
May I help you?
请问需要帮忙吗?
1. 这是店员标准问候。
2. May I 比 Can I 更礼貌。
3. 回答方式:Yes, I'm looking for ... / No, thanks. I'm just looking.
📝 即练:
填空:___ I help you?(May/Can) → May (May I help you? 是更礼貌的店员问候。)
回答:May I help you? — Yes, I'm ___ ___ a present. → looking for (looking for = 正在找。)
🔊
How much is it?
这多少钱?
1. How much 问"多少钱"(钱不可数)。
2. it 指刚提到的商品。
3. 复数则用 How much are these?
📝 即练:
填空:___ ___ is this scarf?(多少钱) → How much (How much 问钱。)
改错:How many is it?(钱) → much (钱不可数 → much。)
🔊
It's 30% off today.
今天打 7 折。
1. 30% off = 减 30%(相当于打 7 折)。
2. today 强调"仅今天"。
3. 类似的:50% off = 半价。
📝 即练:
填空:This is 20% ___ today.(折扣) → off (20% off = 减 20%。)
翻译:50% off = ___ → 半价 / 五折 (50% off 就是半价。)

✏️ Practice 练习(共 10 大区块 · 语法专项 22+ 题)

📌 本课语法重点:购物常用句型 + How about ...?
🎯 10 大区块循序渐进:听 → 拼 → 语法变形 → 语法应用 → 语法综合 → 转 → 改 → 连 → 译 → 读

🔊 Practice 1 · 听音辨词(共 6 题)

点 🔊 听单词,根据提示写出英文:

1🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:礼物)
2🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:商店)
3🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:店员)
4🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:花瓶)
5🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:贵的)
6🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:书签)

📝 Practice 2 · 单词拼写(共 6 题)

根据中文意思和首字母提示,写出完整单词:

1意思:礼物 首字母:p _ _ _ _ _ _ →
2意思:商店 首字母:s _ _ _ _ →
3意思:店员 首字母:s _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ →
4意思:花瓶 首字母:v _ _ _ →
5意思:贵的 首字母:e _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ →
6意思:书签 首字母:b _ _ _ _ _ _ _ →

⚡ Practice 3 · 语法基础:购物常用句型补全(共 8 题)

把下面店员/顾客的句子补完整:

1🔊___ I help you? (店员开场)
→
2🔊I'm ___ ___ a present. (在找)
→
3🔊___ ___ is this? (多少钱)
→
4🔊That's ___ ___ expensive. (有点贵)
→
5🔊Do you have anything ___? (便宜点)
→
6🔊I'll ___ it. (我要这个)
→
7🔊___ ___ this one? (这个怎么样?)
→
8🔊What does she ___? (她喜欢什么?)
→

🎯 Practice 4 · 语法应用:完成购物对话(共 8 题)

把下面的购物对话填完整:

1🔊店员: I you?
2🔊顾客:Yes, I'm a birthday present.
3🔊店员: does she like?
4🔊顾客:She likes flowers and books.
5🔊店员: this vase?
6🔊顾客:It's . Do you have anything cheaper?
7🔊店员: this bookmark? It is cheaper.
8🔊顾客:Great! I'll it.

✏️ Practice 5 · 语法综合:完成句子(共 6 题)

根据中文完成英文:

1🔊需要帮忙吗? help you?
2🔊我在找一个生日礼物。I'm a birthday present.
3🔊有更便宜的吗?Do you have ?
4🔊这个花瓶多少钱? is this vase?
5🔊这个书签怎么样? this bookmark?
6🔊我要了。I'll .

🔄 Practice 6 · 句型转换(共 5 题)

按括号要求改写句子:

1🔊I want a present. (用"我在找"改写)
→
2🔊How much is it? (改为礼貌问法)
→
3🔊This is expensive. (改为"有点贵")
→
4🔊I want a cheap one. (改为"你有更便宜的吗?")
→
5🔊I want this. (改为"我要这个")
→

🔧 Practice 7 · 改错(共 5 题)

每句有一处错误,改正后写在横线上:

1Can I help to you? 🔊
→
2I look for a present. 🔊
→
3How much for this? 🔊
→
4I take it. 🔊
→
5Have you anything cheaper? 🔊
→

🔗 Practice 8 · 连一连(共 6 对)

点击左边一个英文短语,再点击右边对应的中文。配对正确变绿色,错误会摇晃。

英文短语中文意思(已打乱)
🔊1. May I help you? ⟷ 寻找
🔊2. looking for ⟷ 有点贵
🔊3. a bit expensive ⟷ 店员
🔊4. anything cheaper ⟷ 需要帮忙吗?
🔊5. I'll take it ⟷ 我要这个
🔊6. shop assistant ⟷ 更便宜的东西

✍️ Practice 9 · 翻译练习(共 6 题)

前 3 题中译英,后 3 题英译中:

1需要帮忙吗? 🔊
→
2我在找一个生日礼物。 🔊
→
3有更便宜点的吗? 🔊
→
4🔊We're looking for a present for our mom.
→
5🔊That's a bit expensive.
→
6🔊How about this bookmark? It's cheaper.
→

📖 Practice 10 · 阅读理解(共 4 题)

回到课文,根据课文内容用英文回答下面的问题:

1🔊When is Mom's birthday?
→
2🔊Who went shopping?
→
3🔊What did the shop assistant ask first?
→
4🔊Why didn't they buy the vase?
→

🔍 词汇深度讲解 · 购物英语 · 店员对话模板

去英美商店购物,店员(shop assistant)会用这些固定表达:

🛍️ 店员主动招呼:
  Can I help you?(需要帮忙吗?)
  How may I help you?(更正式)
  What are you looking for?(您要找什么?)

🛒 顾客回答:
  I'm looking for a birthday gift.(我在找生日礼物。)
  I'm just looking, thanks.(只是随便看看。)
  How much is this?(这个多少钱?)

💰 讨论价格:
  That's a bit expensive.(有点贵。)
  Do you have anything cheaper?(有便宜点的吗?)
  I'll take it.(我要这个。)

🎁 礼物相关:
  Can you gift wrap it?(能帮我包装吗?)
  Is this for a gift?(这是送礼吗?)

💡 注意:英美店员习惯主动招呼,回答 "Just looking" 是很礼貌的拒绝方式,不会被打扰。

🎁 英语文化小常识 · Gift Shopping 美式送礼文化

送礼(gift-giving)在英美社会有不成文的规则——课文里给妈妈买生日礼物是经典场景!

🎁 典型场合需要送礼:
🎂 birthdays(生日)
💒 weddings(婚礼)
🎄 Christmas / Hanukkah(圣诞节/光明节)
🤱 baby showers(迎婴派对)
🎓 graduation(毕业)
💕 anniversaries(结婚纪念日)
👶 Mother's Day / Father's Day(母亲节/父亲节)

💝 给妈妈的经典礼物:
💐 fresh flowers(鲜花)—— Mom's favorite!
🍫 chocolates(巧克力)
📿 jewelry(珠宝、首饰)
📚 a book she'll love(一本她会喜欢的书)
🍰 a homemade cake(自己做的蛋糕)
🖼️ a framed photo(一张精装相片)

📜 送礼礼仪:
🎀 Always wrap it!(一定要包装!)
💌 加一张 card(卡片)—— 即使一句话也很贴心
💝 表达用心比价格重要 ——
  "It's the thought that counts."(心意才是最重要的。)

💡 不要送钟(中国人忌讳"送终")、不要送(看具体文化)—— 跨文化送礼要小心!

🎯 本课小结 Summary

✅ 我掌握了店员常用句
✅ 我掌握了顾客常用句
✅ 我掌握了too + 形容词("太……",含贬义)
✅ 我掌握了How about ...?(提建议)

🌈 下一课预告

📘 Lesson 14 · Visiting Grandpa in the hospital 医院看望爷爷

新知识点:问候 / 询问感受(探病常用) + 医生说的话(重要!)

⬆️ 返回目录
📍 Chapter 15 · LESSON 14

Lesson 14 · 医院看望爷爷

Visiting Grandpa in the hospital
📚 交际用语 · 医院 / 看望病人

📖 Text 课文

医院看望爷爷
🏥👴🌹💐
Lesson 14
🔊Last week, Grandpa went into the hospital.
🔊Mom and I went to see him on Sunday.
🔊When we arrived, Grandpa was sitting up in bed.
🔊"Grandpa, how do you feel?" I asked.
🔊"A little tired, but better than yesterday," he said.
🔊A nurse came in and took his temperature.
🔊Then the doctor came.
🔊She listened to his heart and asked him a few questions.
🔊"Your grandpa is much better today," she said.
🔊"He needs plenty of rest and good food."
🔊Grandpa smiled and said, "I want to go home.
🔊I want my own bed and Grandma's soup."
🔊The doctor smiled too. "In a few days, you can."
🔊I held Grandpa's hand. "I'll come every day until you come home."
🔊Grandpa's eyes filled with tears.
🔊He didn't say anything.
🔊He just nodded.
🔊In that moment, I understood:
🔊sometimes love doesn't need words.
🔊You just need to be there.

📝 New Words and Expressions 单词与短语

单词音标词性·释义
hospital/ˈhɒspɪtl/n. 医院
arrived/əˈraɪvd/v. 到达(过去式)
feel/fiːl/v. 感觉
tired/ˈtaɪəd/adj. 累的;疲倦的
nurse/nɜːs/n. 护士
temperature/ˈtemprətʃə/n. 体温;温度
doctor/ˈdɒktə/n. 医生
listened/ˈlɪsnd/v. 听(过去式)
heart/hɑːt/n. 心脏;心
plenty of/ˈplenti əv/phrase 大量的;充分的
rest/rest/n./v. 休息
own/əʊn/adj. 自己的
in a few days/ɪn ə fjuː deɪz/phrase 过几天
until/ənˈtɪl/conj. 直到
tear/tɪə/n. 眼泪
nodded/ˈnɒdɪd/v. 点头(过去式)
moment/ˈməʊmənt/n. 一刻;瞬间
understood/ˌʌndəˈstʊd/v. 懂了;明白(过去式)
word/wɜːd/n. 词;话
💡 词汇详解(点击单词或例句可朗读)
hospitaln.医院

用法:看病 / 住院的地方

in the hospital — 在医院

💡 类似:clinic 诊所

arrivedv.到达(过去式)

用法:arrive + d → arrived

When we arrived... — 我们到的时候……

💡 近义:reached 到达

feelv.感觉

用法:过去式 felt(不规则)

How do you feel? — 你感觉怎么样?

💡 名词:feeling 感受

tiredadj.累的;疲倦的

用法:感觉没力气

a little tired — 有点累

💡 反义:energetic

nursen.护士

用法:医院里照顾病人的人

A nurse came in. — 护士进来了。

💡 类似:doctor 医生

temperaturen.体温;温度

用法:take one's temperature = 量体温

took his temperature — 给他量体温

💡 类似:fever 发烧

doctorn.医生

用法:看病的医生

the doctor came — 医生来了

💡 缩写:Dr.

listenedv.听(过去式)

用法:listen + ed,过去式 listened

listened to his heart — 听他的心跳

💡 搭配:listen to

heartn.心脏;心

用法:身体器官

listen to his heart — 听心跳

💡 类似:lung 肺

plenty ofphrase大量的;充分的

用法:后接可数复数或不可数名词

plenty of rest — 充分的休息

💡 近义:a lot of 很多

restn./v.休息

用法:名词或动词都行

plenty of rest — 充分休息

💡 反义:work 工作

ownadj.自己的

用法:搭配 my own / your own

my own bed — 我自己的床

💡 强调"属于自己"

in a few daysphrase过几天

用法:in + 一段时间 = ……之后

in a few days — 再过几天

💡 类似:in two weeks

untilconj.直到

用法:直到某事发生

until you come home — 直到你回家

💡 近义:till 直到

tearn.眼泪

用法:复数 tears

eyes filled with tears — 眼里满是泪

💡 动词:cry 哭

noddedv.点头(过去式)

用法:nod 双写 d 加 ed → nodded

He just nodded. — 他只是点点头。

💡 反义:shook his head

momentn.一刻;瞬间

用法:in that moment = 那一刻

in that moment — 那一刻

💡 近义:second 一秒

understoodv.懂了;明白(过去式)

用法:understand → understood,<strong>不规则</strong>

I understood. — 我懂了。

💡 understand → understood

wordn.词;话

用法:复数 words

love doesn't need words — 爱不需要说出来

💡 近义:speech 话语

📝 Phrases 重点短语

这些是本课必须掌握的短语和表达,点击听发音,反复跟读:

🔊 go into the hospital
住院
🔊 go to see sb.
去看望某人
🔊 sit up in bed
在床上坐起
🔊 How do you feel?
你感觉怎么样?
🔊 a little tired
有点累
🔊 better than yesterday
比昨天好
🔊 take one's temperature
量体温
🔊 Get well soon!
早日康复!

🇨🇳 参考译文

上周,爷爷住进了医院。

周日妈妈和我去看他。

我们到的时候,爷爷正坐在床上。

"爷爷,你感觉怎么样?"我问。

"有点累,但比昨天好,"他说。

护士进来给他量了体温。

然后医生来了。她听了他的心跳,问了他几个问题。

"你爷爷今天好多了,"她说。

"他需要充分休息和好的食物。"

爷爷笑着说:"我想回家。我想要自己的床和奶奶的汤。"

医生也笑了。"再过几天,可以的。"

我握着爷爷的手。"我每天都来,直到你回家。"

爷爷的眼睛湿润了。他什么也没说。

他只是点点头。

那一刻,我懂了:

有时候爱不需要说出来。你只要在那里就够了。

📚 Note 语法讲解

🎯 核心句型:医院 / 看望病人
How do you feel? / Get well soon! / Take care!
📐 句型拆解
▸ 询问感受 How do you feel?
▸ 表达病情 I feel a little tired.
▸ 祝福 Get well soon! Take care!
▸ 时间 in a few days (几天后)
💡 例句(点击发音)
🔊 How are you feeling today? 你今天感觉如何?
🔊 You'll feel better in a few days. 过几天你就会感觉好些。
💗 关心他人是英语社交的基础——多说 "How are you feeling?" 和 "Take care!"

一、问候 / 询问感受(探病常用)

看望病人时,先问"感觉怎么样"。这是关键开场。

家属 / 朋友常问:

How do you feel? — 你感觉怎么样?
How are you feeling today? — 你今天感觉如何?
Are you feeling better? — 你感觉好点了吗?

病人常答:

I feel a little tired. — 我有点累。
Better than yesterday. — 比昨天好。
I have a headache. — 我头疼。
I have a cough / a fever. — 我咳嗽 / 发烧。
🎵 常用病情表达:have a headache(头疼)/ have a fever(发烧)/ have a cough(咳嗽)/ have a stomachache(肚子疼)。

二、医生说的话(重要!)

医生通常会说"病情怎么样 + 需要做什么"。

1. 描述病情

You have a slight fever. — 你有点发烧。
Your grandpa is much better today. — 你爷爷今天好多了。
It's nothing serious. — 没什么大问题。

2. 给建议(needs / should)

He needs plenty of rest. — 他需要充分休息。
You should drink plenty of water. — 你应该多喝水。
Take this medicine three times a day. — 这个药一天吃 3 次。

3. 给希望

You'll feel better soon. — 你很快会好起来的。
In a few days, you can go home. — 再过几天,你就能回家了。
💡 plenty of = 大量的(同 a lot of),后面可数不可数都行:plenty of rest(休息)/ plenty of fruits(水果)。

三、in + 时间段(多久之后)

in + 一段时间(例如 in a few days, in two weeks)= "……之后",用于未来。

In a few days, you can go home. — 过几天你就能回家了。
I'll see you in five minutes. — 我 5 分钟后见你。
The bus will come in ten minutes. — 公交车 10 分钟后就到。
In a year, she will graduate. — 一年后她就毕业了。
⚠️ 不要混淆:
• in + 时间段 = 之后(未来):in 5 minutes 5 分钟后
• ago + 时间段 = 之前(过去):5 minutes ago 5 分钟前

四、until(直到)

until + 时间 / 句子 = 直到……为止。

I'll come every day until you come home. — 我每天都来,直到你回家。
Wait here until 5 o'clock. — 在这里等到 5 点。
I won't leave until you feel better. — 你不感觉好起来,我不走。
💡 until 也可以缩写成 till,意思一样。

🔑 Key Sentences 重点句解析

🔊
How do you feel?
你感觉怎么样?
1. How do you feel? 是问"现在感受"的标准句。
2. feel 是动词原形(前面有助动词 do)。
3. 也可以问 How are you feeling?(更地道)
📝 即练:
填空:How ___ you feel?(do/does) → do (you 用 do。)
改错:How are you feel? → do (该用 do you feel 或 are you feeling。)
🔊
He needs plenty of rest and good food.
他需要充分休息和好的食物。
1. plenty of = 大量的、充分的。
2. needs:he 单数 → needs 加 s。
3. rest 不可数;food 不可数。
📝 即练:
填空:You need ___ ___ water.(充分的) → plenty of (plenty of。)
改错:He need plenty of rest. → needs (he 单数 → needs。)
🔊
In a few days, you can go home.
再过几天,你就能回家了。
1. In + 时间段 = ……之后(未来)。
2. a few days = 几天(可数 few)。
3. 不能写 after a few days(语义略不同)。
📝 即练:
填空:The bus comes ___ ten minutes.(10 分钟后) → in (in + 时间段 = 之后。)
"5 分钟前"用 ago 还是 in? → ago (过去用 ago,未来用 in。)

✏️ Practice 练习(共 10 大区块 · 语法专项 22+ 题)

📌 本课语法重点:医院常用句型 + 关心他人
🎯 10 大区块循序渐进:听 → 拼 → 语法变形 → 语法应用 → 语法综合 → 转 → 改 → 连 → 译 → 读

🔊 Practice 1 · 听音辨词(共 6 题)

点 🔊 听单词,根据提示写出英文:

1🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:医院)
2🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:到达(过去式))
3🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:体温)
4🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:医生)
5🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:护士)
6🔊 听单词,写出英文:(提示:休息)

📝 Practice 2 · 单词拼写(共 6 题)

根据中文意思和首字母提示,写出完整单词:

1意思:医院 首字母:h _ _ _ _ _ _ _ →
2意思:护士 首字母:n _ _ _ _ →
3意思:医生 首字母:d _ _ _ _ _ →
4意思:感觉 首字母:f _ _ _ →
5意思:体温 首字母:t _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ →
6意思:累的 首字母:t _ _ _ _ →

⚡ Practice 3 · 语法基础:医院/看望病人常用句型(共 8 题)

补全下面的句子:

1🔊How do you ___? (感觉怎么样?)
→
2🔊I'm ___ ___ tired. (有点累)
→
3🔊Get ___ soon! (早日康复)
→
4🔊You look much ___! (好多了)
→
5🔊Take ___ of yourself. (照顾)
→
6🔊Let me ___ your temperature. (查/量)
→
7🔊I am here to ___ you. (看望)
→
8🔊She ___ to rest. (需要)
→

🎯 Practice 4 · 语法应用:医院对话填空(共 8 题)

完成医院里的对话:

1🔊Grandpa, how do you ?
2🔊I'm a tired today.
3🔊You look much than yesterday.
4🔊Get , Grandpa!
5🔊Let the nurse your temperature.
6🔊Take of yourself.
7🔊The doctor said you to rest.
8🔊We're to you. (动词)

✏️ Practice 5 · 语法综合:完成句子(共 6 题)

根据中文完成英文:

1🔊上周爷爷进医院了。Last week, Grandpa the hospital.
2🔊你今天感觉如何?How do you ?
3🔊早日康复,爷爷! , Grandpa!
4🔊你今天看起来好多了。You look today.
5🔊护士给他量了体温。The nurse his .
6🔊照顾好你自己。 of yourself.

🔄 Practice 6 · 句型转换(共 5 题)

按括号要求改写句子:

1🔊Grandpa feels better. (改为"你今天感觉好些吗?")
→
2🔊Take care of yourself. (改为礼貌请求)
→
3🔊He is tired. (改为"他比昨天还累")
→
4🔊I feel better. (改为最高级"今天我感觉最好")
→
5🔊She will rest. (改为"她需要休息")
→

🔧 Practice 7 · 改错(共 5 题)

每句有一处错误,改正后写在横线上:

1How do you feels? 🔊
→
2I am little tired. 🔊
→
3You look much best. 🔊
→
4Get well soon Grandpa. 🔊
→
5Take cares of yourself. 🔊
→

🔗 Practice 8 · 连一连(共 6 对)

点击左边一个英文短语,再点击右边对应的中文。配对正确变绿色,错误会摇晃。

英文短语中文意思(已打乱)
🔊1. go to the hospital ⟷ 量体温
🔊2. How do you feel? ⟷ 有点累
🔊3. a little tired ⟷ 保重!
🔊4. check temperature ⟷ 去医院
🔊5. Get well soon! ⟷ 早日康复!
🔊6. Take care! ⟷ 你感觉怎样?

✍️ Practice 9 · 翻译练习(共 6 题)

前 3 题中译英,后 3 题英译中:

1上周爷爷住院了。 🔊
→
2你今天感觉怎么样? 🔊
→
3早日康复,爷爷! 🔊
→
4🔊When we arrived, Grandpa was sitting up in bed.
→
5🔊A little tired, but better than yesterday.
→
6🔊The nurse came in and checked his temperature.
→

📖 Practice 10 · 阅读理解(共 4 题)

回到课文,根据课文内容用英文回答下面的问题:

1🔊When did Grandpa go to hospital?
→
2🔊Who went to see Grandpa?
→
3🔊How did Grandpa feel?
→
4🔊What did the nurse do?
→

🔍 词汇深度讲解 · 医院 · 看望病人英语

在医院的对话是交际英语很重要的场景:

🏥 看望病人的开场:
  How are you feeling today?(你今天感觉怎么样?)
  You look much better.(你看起来好多了。)
  I'm so glad to see you.(很高兴见到你。)

🩺 医生/护士常用:
  How do you feel?(感觉怎么样?)
  Let me check your temperature.(量下体温。)
  You need to rest.(你需要休息。)
  Take this medicine twice a day.

💗 祝福语:
  Get well soon!(早日康复!)
  Take care of yourself.(照顾好自己。)
  Hope you feel better soon.

💐 送礼建议:
  flowers(花)/ a card(卡片)/ fruit basket(果篮)
  ⚠️ 在医院避免送盆栽(迷信)和强香花(其他病人过敏)

💡 关心他人是英语社交的基础——多用 "How are you feeling?" 和 "Take care!"

🏥 英语文化小常识 · Hospital Visits 看望病人礼仪

看望住院病人(hospital visit)在英美文化中是表达关爱的重要方式:

🌹 什么时间去合适:
⏰ 一般 visiting hours(探病时间)是下午 2-4 点、晚上 6-8 点
🚫 不要在病人 treatment(治疗)时间去
📞 去之前打电话确认

🎁 带什么礼物:
💐 flowers(鲜花)—— 注意避免强香味的
📚 magazines / books(杂志、书)
🍎 fresh fruit(新鲜水果)
💌 get-well card(祝早日康复卡)
🧸 给孩子病人:stuffed animals(毛绒玩具)

🚫 避免:
❌ 强香味花(其他病人可能过敏)
❌ 太多人一起去(病人需要休息)
❌ 谈论病情让人担心

💗 说什么话:
  "How are you feeling today?"
  "You look much better!"(哪怕看起来一般,也鼓励)
  "Get well soon!"
  "We miss you at home/school."

💡 "Sympathy and care"(同情与关怀)是西方医院文化的核心——陪伴比治疗更重要。

🎯 本课小结 Summary

✅ 我掌握了问候 / 询问感受(探病常用)
✅ 我掌握了医生说的话(重要!)
✅ 我掌握了in + 时间段(多久之后)
✅ 我掌握了until(直到)

🌈 全书完结

🎉 恭喜你完成了 Book 4 全部 14 课!

你已经掌握了 be 动词过去式、形容词比较级、反义词搭配 等中考要点。继续加油!

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